Ibintu 7 bifise agaciro kanini kuruta ibindi vyose bimaze kubaho kw'isi

Ifeza, inzahabu, platine… palladium?

Iyo haje ikibazo c'ibintu bidakunda kuboneka kandi bifise agaciro kanini cane rwose, urashobora gutangazwa n'urugero rw'ibiciro bimwe muri vyo bishikako.

Hari mu gitondo co ku wa 24 Nyakanga (9) 2023, igihe ikigendajuru cari kigarutse kivuye mu rugendo rwo mu kirere cagaragara kw'ijuru hejuru y'akarere ka Utah Test and Training Range, kagenzurwa n'ubushikiranganji bwo kwivuna abansi bwa Amerika. Gikoroka mu mutaka, ico kigendajuru cari kizanye aga kontenere karimwo amagarama 121 y'ibimanyu vy'amabuye yo kuri asteroïde (kimwe mu bibuye biri mu kirere bizunguruka izuba) yitwa Bennu.

Ivyo bimanyu vyegeranijwe biciye mu mugambi OSIRIS-Rex w'ikigo ca Amerika kigira ubushakashatsi bwo mu kirere NASA. Kandi ivyo, ni ikimenyetso c'ibindi bishobora gukurikira.

Mu myaka mirongo iheze, kuva abagendajuru bo mu mugambi Apollo bazanye kw'isi ibimanyu vy'amabuye vyo ku kwezi kugira ngo bigirweko ubushakashatsi, abahinga mu vy'ikirere n'abiga imibumbe bamye bashashaye kuronka ibimanyu biva ku yindi mibumbe. Ariko rero, ivyo bishobotse vuba kubera ari ho ubuhinga butereye imbere.

Nk'uko twabivuze, umugambi OSIRIS-REx wegeranije amagarama 121 y'ibimanyu vy'iyo asteroïde. Vyaciye birungikwa ku bahinga batandukanye kugira babikoreko ubushakashatsi.

Inyuma y'umwaka urenga OSIRIS-REx igarutse kw'isi, ubu birazwi ko ibimanyu vyakuwe kuri Bennu birimwo igice kinini ca 'carbone' n'amazi. Muri Nzero (1) 2025, abashakashatsi baremeje ko iyo asteroïde irimwo ubwoko bwinshi bwa carbone kuruta kw'isi kandi ko irangwamwo ibigize ADN vyose.

Ivyo birerekana ko asteroïde nka Bennu, ari imwe mu bisigarira vyo mu gihe ca kera cane - igihe habaho izuba n'ibirikukuje- zishobora kuba zarazanye kw'isi ivya nkenerwa nyamukuru vyatumye ubuzima bushoboka mu ntango z'ukubaho kwayo.

Ariko rero, ubu bumenyi bufise ikiguzi kinini. Ivyegeranijwe na OSIRIS-REx ubu biri mu bintu bifise agaciro kanini cane kw'isi: amadolari imiriyoni 9.6 kuri garama imwe.

Vyongeye, ivyo si vyo vyonyene bifise agaciro gahanitse cane. Hariho n'ibindi bintu vyinshi bidakunda kuboneka kandi bizimvye cane, kandi igiciro cavyo kirenga mbere n'ivyo biva ku ma asteroïde.

Ng'ibi ibintu indwi bifise igiciro kinini kuruta ibindi kw'isi. Aha ico ukwiye kumenya ni uko kubera bimwe bimwe muri ivyo bintu bitagurishwa nk'ibicuruzwa bisanzwe, hashobora kwigaragaza ubudasa bunini cane mu ngereranyo z'ibiciro vyavyo. Ni co gituma ukwiye gufata ivyo biciro n'ubwitonzi.

Inkuru tubandanya tugushikiriza...

7. Hélium -3 - Amadolari 96.000 kw'igarama

Hélium-3 ni ubwoko bwa gaz buboneka gake cane. Ishobora kuba mu kirere, ku kwezi canke ku zuba. Mu biyigize harimwo 'atome' yitwa 'tritium'. Agaciro k'iyi atome kagereranywa ku madolari 29.000 kuri garama. Kandi isanzwe ikoreshwa mu gukora ibirwanisho n'ibisasu kirimbuzi.

6. 'Émeraude', 'rubis' na 'saphir' - Amadolari 483.000 kuri garama imwe

Nk'uko umuntu wese akunda kwambara ibintu bica ibibatsi canke bikangirana yobikubwira, aya mabuye afise agaciro kanini cane. Ni nkenerwa cane rwose mu gukora ibikoresho vyo kwishariza ku mubiri. Agaciro k'ayo mabuye kava ahanini ku kuntu adakunda kuboneka cane, hamwe n'uko afise ubwiza kama budasanzwe asanganywe ataranatunganywa.

Mu myaka mike iheze, hari irindi buye ry'agaciro rishasha ryatowe ryitwa 'painite' ryatanguye kuronka ikibanza kidasanzwe mu rudandazwa. Riboneka muri Myanmar gusa. Agaciro karyo kari hafi y'amadolari 289.000 kuri garama imwe.

5. 'Diamant' itukura - Miriyoni 4.7 z'amadolari kuri garama imwe

Agaciro ka 'diamant' itukura gaterwa n'uko ubwo butare ari buke cane. Bivugwa ko izo diamant aho ziri hatarenga 30 kw'isi yose. Ziboneka mu birombwe bike cane vyo muri Australiya, Brezile na Afrika y'Epfo.

4. Ibimanyu vyakuwe kuri asteroïde Bennu - Miriyoni 9.6 z'Amadolari kuri garama imwe

Ivyo bimanyu vyegeranijwe n'umugambi OSIRIS-REx wagiye mu kirere ugamije kugira ubushakashatsi kuri asteroïde Bennu. Iyo asteroïde yibazwa ko ari yo ifise ivyo bita "éléments chimiques" kurusha ahandi hose zikenewe mu vyigwa no mu bushakashatsi bwa Chimie no mw'iterambere rya 'sciences'.

3. Californium-252 — Milioni 25.6 z'amadolari kw'igarama rimwe

Californium-252 ni ubwoko bwa 'isotope' isanzwe itabaho mu buryo kama. Irakorwa n'abantu. Ikorerwa muri Amerika, ikaba ikoreshwa mu bigo vy'inguvu za nikleyere.

2. 'Fullerènes' zirimwo atome za azote - Miliyoni 134 z'amadolari

Ni utubumbe twa carbone dufise ishusho y'umuringoti. Dukoreshwa mu bijanye n'ivyigwa canke ubuhinga bwa Physique.

1.Antimatter - Tiriyoni 59.8 z'amadolari

'Antimatter' canke 'antimatière' mu gifaransa izwi n'abakunda ubuhingwa bwa 'science-fiction' nka rimwe mu masoko y'inguvu zituma ibigendajuru binyaruka cane.