Ibintu bitanu bishasha womenya ku ntambara ya Israel-Gaza inyuma y'indwi zine kuva itanguye

Kimwe mu bintu vya mbere co gutahura ku makuru n'imyihwezo bicanacanako kuva habaye igitero ca Hamas itariki 7 z'ukwezi kw'icumi ni uko ata n'umwe afise inkuru yose. Biragoye kurusha n'ibindi bihe vyose kwinjira muri ico gipfungu c'intambara kugira umenye ibiriko birabera ku rugamba. Isura nshasha y'intambara hagatin y'Abanya-Israel n'Abanya-Palestina ntiragaragara.

Ibintu biracihuta cane. Ubwoba ko intanbara ishobora gukwira akarere burafise ishingiro. Ibintu bishasha mu karere k'ubuseruko bwo hagati biri aho, ariko isura yavyo n'ingene bizogenda bizovana n'ingene iyi ntanbara igiye kuzobandanya muri iki gice gisigaye c'uyu mwaka, kumbure no kurenza ico gihe.

Reka turabe bike mu vyo tuzi, n'ibindi bike tutazi. Urutonde ntirugarukira ngaho. Hari abantu batwenze Donald Ramsfeld, umushikiranganji wo kwivuna abansi wa Reta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika mu gihe haba igitero kuri Iraq mu 2003, igihe yavuga ''ibitazwi ku vyo tutazi''. Ariko muri iki gice c'isi, co kimwe n'ahandi, birahari - kandi ni vyamara kugaragara, bishobora gutuma haba ubudasa.

1.

Ikiri co coco n'uko abanya-Israel bashigikiye igikorwa ca gisirikare co kurandura ububasha bwa Hamas muri Gaza n'abo bakorana ba Islamic Jihad. Ishavu ryatewe n'ugushegeshwa n'ibitero vya Hamas. Iyicwa ry'abantu 1.400 no kuba hari abantu bashika 240 bakigizwe imbohe muri Gaza.

Nahuye na Noam Tibon, umujenerari ari mu kiruhuko c'izabukuru, kugira ambarire ingene yafashe imodoka ari kumwe n'umugore wiwe bakaja Nahal Oz, ku rubibe na Gaza, inyuma y'igitero ca Hamas ku wa 7 Gitugutu (10). Ubutumwa bwiwe, kandi bwagenze neza, bwari ubwo kuja gutabara umuhungu wiwe, umukazana wiwe n'abana babo b'abakobwa bakiri bato bari mu cumba c'ubwihisho, bumva abagwanyi ba Hamas ingene banyuragiranwa hanze.

Tibon n'aho ari mu kirihuko c'izabukuru, ni umugabo w'imyaka 62 akiritera akarisama. Amaherezo yasanze yafashe inkoho n'inkofero y'igisahani akuye ku musirikare w'umunya-Israel yapfuye, aja imbere y'umugwi w'abasirikare yari yegeranije mu kajagari k'uwo munsi, arinjira muri ico kigwati akiza ubuzima bw'umuryango wiwe n'ubwo abandi batari bake.

Ni umujenerari yize aho hambere, avuga atomora ijambo.

''Gaza igiye kubabara...nta gihugu na kimwe gishobora kwemera ko umubanyi aza akica inzoya, abagore canke abantu [abo ari bo bose]. Nk'uko mwebwe [Abongereza] mwakubise umwansi mu ntambara ya kabiri y'isi. Ivyo ni vyo dukeneye gukora muri Gaza. Nta kigongwe.''

Hanyuma, ndabaza, nti bite ku banya-Palestina b'abanyagihugu basanzwe bariko baricwa?

''Nta kundi, biraba. Tuba mu kibano kigoye, kandi dutegerezwa kubaho. ....dutegerezwa gukara. Nta kundi turi bugire.''

Abanya-Israel benshi ivyo avuga nabo nivyo bavuga, ko abanya-Palestina basanzwe bahagwa babaje, ariko ko bariko baricwa kubera ibikorwa vya Hamas.

2.

Biragaragara kandi kandi ko igitero ca Israel kuri Hamas kiriko kirasesa amaraso cane. Igitigiri ca vuba c'abantu bamaze kwicwa muri Gaza gitangwa n'ubushikiranganji bw'amagara y'abantu muri Gaza itwarwa na Hamas, barenga 9.000 - muri abo hafi 65% (kw'ijana) bakaba ari abana.

Mu bamaze kwicwa, ntibizwi abagabo b'abanyagihugu basanzwe canke b'abagwanyi ba Hamas canke ba Islamic Jihad ingene bangana, Umukuru wa Amerika n'abanya-Israel ntibemera ibiharuro vy'ubwo bushikiranganji. Ariko mu ntambara zo muri kahise, ibiharuro vy'abagwa mu ntambara b'Abanya-Palestina vyafatwa nk'uko ari vyo n'amashirahamwe mpuzamakungu.

Hari igiharuro kibabaje kiri mu kurengwa. ONU ivuga ko hafi abanyagihugu basanawe bashika 9.700 bamaze kwicwa muri Ukraine kuva Uburusiya buyigavyeko igitero c'igihugu cose haraheze amezi 21.

Bamwe mu Banya-Palestina bishwe bashobora kuba ari abo muri Hamas. Ariko naho urugero rwabo rwoba ruri hejuru gushika kuri 10%, ivyo navyo bikaba bisa n'ibidashoboka, bisigura ko Israel iri mu nzira yo kuba yarishe abanya-Palestina b'abanyagihugu basanzwe mu kwezi kumwe bangana n'abishwe muri Ukraine kuva mu kwezi kwa kabiri mu 2022. (ONU ivuga ko amakuru yo muri Ukraine adakwiye kandi ko igitigiri nyaco c'abanyagihugu basanzwe bishwe gishibora kuba kiruta aho, mu gihe no muri Gaza igitigiri c'abapfuye naho nyene gishobora kuba kiruta aho kuko hari Abanya-Palestina benshi vyibazwa ko bakiri munsi y'ibihomoka vy'amazu n'izindi nyubakwa).

Ibiro vya ONU bijejwe uburenganzira bwa zina muntu bivuga ko hamaze kwicwa no gukomeretswa abanyagihugu basanzwe mu bitero vyo mu kirere vya Israel ku buryo bise amakenga ko ivyo bitero bifise inguvu z'unurengera cane kandi bishobora kuvamwo ivyaha vyo mu ntambara.

Kuva mu minsi ya mbere Hamas imaze gutera, prezida Biden yarashigikiye ingingo ya Israel yo gukoreshab inguvu kugira ivane Hamas ku butegetsi, Ariko yongeyeko ijambo ryo kuvuga ko bikenewe gukorwa ''mu nzira nyayo''. Yashaka kuvuga ko Israel itegerezwa gukurikiza amategeko yo mu ntambara akingira abanyagihugu basanzwe.

Imbere y'uko umushikiranganji wa Amerika ajejwe imigenderanire yurira indege aja mu rundi rugendo i Tel Aviv, yavuze ati: ''Iyo mbonye umwana w'umunya-Palestina, umuhungu, umukobwa -ariko arakurwa munsi y'ibihomoka vy'inzu yasenyuwe, ivyo birandya mu nda co kimwe n'iyo mbonye umwana wo muri Israel canke ahandi aho ari ho hose.''

Nakoze inkuru ku ntambara za Israel muri iyi myaka 30 iheze, sinubuka aho abategetsi bo muri Amerika boba baravuze icese ko Israel itegerezwa kwubahiriza amategeko yo mu ntambara. Urugendo rwa Blinken rusigura ko Israel itariko irakurukiza impanuro ya Biden.

3.

Ikindi tuzi ata gukeka n'uko umushikiranganiji wa mbere wa Israel Benjamin Netanyahu ariko arotswa igitutu kini cane.

Bitandukanye n'abategetsi mu gisirikare no mu nzego z'umutekano, ntiyigeze yemera uruhra rwiwe bwite ku rukurikirane rw'akaga ko kunanirwa kwatumye abanya-Israel bo ku rubibe bacika nk'abatagira ikibagwanira ku wa 7 ukwezi kw'icumi.

Ku wa mungu, itariki 29 Gitugutu (10), yarateye ishavu igihe yandika ubutumwa kuri X yegeka ivyabaye ku nzego zijejwe kugendereza. Mu nyuma Netanyahu yarafuse ubwo butumwa aranasaba imbazi.

Abanya-Israel batatu, umwe mu bahora mu biganiro vy'amahoro, uwahoze ari umukuru wa Shin Bet (urwego rw'igendereza mu gihugu hagati) hamwe n'umuhinga mu buhinga bwa none, baranditse mu kinyamakuru Foreign Affairs bavuga ko Netanyahu adakwiye na gato gukurikirana iyo ntamba hamwe n'ibizokurikira vyose. Uwo mushikiranganji wa mbere arafise abamushigikiye bamuyoboka, ariko yaratakaje icizere c'abantu bafise ijambo rikomeye mu gisirikare n'inzego zijejwe umutekano muri Israel.

Noam Tibon, wa mujenerari ari mu kiruhuko c'izabukuru yagwanye uko ashobora agakiza umuryango wiwe, agereranya Netanyahu na Neville Chamberlain, umushikiranganji wa mbere w'Ubwongereza yahatiwe gutanga imihoho mu 1940, agasubirirwa na Winston Churchill.

Tibon yambariye ati: ''Uku ni ko kunanirwa kwa mbere gukomeye cane muri kahise k'igihugu ca Israel. Kwabaye ukunanirwa kw'igisirikare. Kwabaye ukunanirwa kw'inzego z'igendereza. Kandi kwabaye ukunanirwa kwa reta...uwujejwe iyo reta nyene - niwe wo kwegekako ivyabaye vyose - ni umushikiranganji wa mbere Benjamin Netanyashu...Niwe abazwa ukunanirwa kwa mbere kubi muri kahise ka Israel.''

4.

Biragaragara kandi ko uko ibintu vyari bisanzwe gushika ubu bitazosubira kubandanya gutyo. Ntivyari bishimishije kandi vyari bibangamye, ariko vyasa n'ibifise ikimeze nk'amaragamo mabi ariko yamaze kumenyerwa. Kuva haheze umugumuko waheruka w'Abanya-Palestina mu 2005, hari haciye haba ikintu Netanyahu yibaza ko cari gushobora kubandanya kimeze uko. Uko kwari ukwisiga inkore ku maso [ukwihenda] ku bo biraba bose - Abanya-Palestina n'Abanya-Israel.

Vyari bisigaye bifatwa ko Abanya-Palestina batakiri ingeramizi kuri Israel. Ahubwo ko yari ingorane ukeneye kumenya ingene uyitwaramwo. Ibikoresho birimwo inkoni n'ikaroti [guhana canke kwowosha iyo bikenewe] hamwe n'amayeri ya kera yo ''gucanishamwo kugira utware [utegeke]''.

Netanyahu, yabaye umushikiranganji wa mbere hafi igihe cose kuva mu 2009 - imyuma y'ikindi kiringo c'imbere y'aho hagati ya 1996 na 1999 - yagumye avuga ko Israel itagira uwo bavugana ikibazo c'amahoro.

Ariko, ku bisanzwe, yari imufise. Ubutegetsi bwa Palestina (PA), umukeba wa mbere wa Hamas, ubu ni urwego rwananiwe cane, kandi benshi mu barushigikiye bemera ko umukuru warwo w'umutama Mahmoud Abbas akeneye gukura akarenge. Ariko mu myaka ya 1990 rwaremeye iciyumviro co gushiraho igihugu ca Palestina kibana na Israel.

''Gucanishamwo kugira utware [utegeke]'' kuri Netanyahu vyasigura kwemerera Hamas kwubaka ubutegetsi bwayo muri Gaza igasumvya inguvu ubutegetsi bwa Palestina (PA).

Mu gihe umushikiranganji wa mbere wa Israel amaze imyaka myinshi ku butegetsi kurusha abandi bose ari umuntu abanza kwiyunvira cane ijambo asohora mu bantu, ibikorwa vyiwe ku myaka myinshi vyerekana ko adashaka kwemerera Abanya-Palestina kuronka igihugu cigenga. Ivyo vyosigura guheba ubutaka muri Cisjordaniya (West Bank), harimwo na Yeruzaremu yo mu buseruko abanya-Israel bo mu migambwe ya ''droite'' bafata ko ari iy'Abayahudi.

Rimwe na rimwe, ivyo Netanyahu avuga hari igihe vyanyerera bikaja ahabona. Mu 2019 amasoko atari make yo muri Israel avuga ko yabwiye abashingamateka bamwe bamwe bo mu mugambwe wiwe wa Likud ko hamwe batokwemera ko haba igihugu ca Palestina bokwemera indinganizo z'uko haja hararungikwa -cane cane atanzwe na Qatar - amafaranga muri Gaza. Yababwiye ko gukomeza ugucanamwo hagati ya Hamas muri Gaza n'ubutegetsi bwa Palestina muri Cisjordaniya vyotuma bidashoboka ko bashinga igihugu.

5.

Biragagara kandi ko Israel, ishigikiwe n'Abanyamerika, itazokwemera umwumvikano wokwemerera Hamas kuguma ku butegetsi. Ukwo kwoba ari ugusasira indava irindi seswa ry'amaraso. Ariko bizana ibibazo vyo kumenya uwuzobasubirira, ibibazo gushika ubu bitarishurwa.

Intambara hagati y'Abayahudi n'Abarabu yo kugenzura ubutaka hagati y'uruzi rwa Yorudani n'ikiyaga Mediterranee imaze imyaka irenga 100. Kimwe mu vyigwa vy'ako kahise karekare kayo karanzwe no gusesa amaraso ni uko hatazokwigera haba inyishu iciye mu nzira ya gisirikare.

Mu myaka ya 1990, amasezerano ya Oslo yaragiyeho kugira hageragezwe irangira ry'intambara riciye mu gushinga igihugu ca Palestina gifise umurwa mukuru i Yeruzalemu yo mu buseruko bikabana na Israel. Aho yasubiye kugeragezwa kuvyurwa, inyuma y'ibiganiro vyaka bikongera bikazima, habaye ku butegetsi bwa Obama. Haheze imyaka 10 ataco bivuyemwo, kandi muri ico cose, intambara barayiretse irasebura [nk'igisebe kitavuwe].

Nk'uko Perezida Biden n'abandi benshi bavuze, inzira yonyene ihari yo kubuza ko haba izindi ntambara ni ugushiraho igihugu ca Palestina kibana n'igihugu ca Israel. Ivyo ntibizoshoboka ku bategetsi bahari ubu ku mpande zompi. Intagondwa, zaba iz'abanya-Israel zaba iz'Abanya-Palestina, bokora ivyo bashobora vyose kugira baburizemwo ico ciyumviro, nk'uko babikoze kuva mu myaka ya 1990. Bamwe muri bo bemera ko baba bariko barakurikiza ishaka ry'Imana, ivyo bikaba bituma badashobora kugondozwa kwemera inyishu ihuriweko itisunga ivyo kwemera [Imana].

Ariko hamwe intambara itoshegesha bikwiye abatsimbataye kuri bene ivyo vyashinze imizi kugira iciyumviro c'ibihugu bibiri kije imbere, aho nta kindi na kimwe kizobishobora. Kandi ata nzira yemewe n'impande zompi yo kurangiza intambara, Abanya-Palestina n'Abanya-Israel bazoja mu zindi ntanbara iyindi myaka myinshi.