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Texas school shooting: Al'adu bakwai game da mallakar bindiga a Amurka cikin taswira
Sama da shekara 50 kenan bayan da gwamnatin Shugaba Lyndon Baines Johnson ya bayyana cewa "bindigogi na daga cikin abubuwan da ake amfani da su wurin kisan Amurkawa ".
A lokacin, kusan bindigogi miliyan 90 ne ke yawo a hannun jama'a a Amurka.
A yau, akwai ƙarin bindigogi da kuma ƙarin mace-mace.
Mutuwa sakamakon harbin bindiga ya zama abin da aka saba da shi a Amurka, inda ake samun mace-mace fiye da yadda ake samu a duk adadin sojojin da ake samu a wani yaƙi na Amurka tun bayan yaƙin Amurka na neman yancin kai a 1775.
A 2020 kaɗai, sama da Amurkawa 45,000 ne suka rasu sakamakon harbin bindiga, ta hanyar wani ya kashe su ko kuma sun kashe kansu, sama da duk wata shekara a baya.
Wannan adadin yana nufin an samu ƙari daga shekara biyar da kuma ƙarin kashi 43 cikin 100 daga 2010.
Ga abin da muka sani game da al'adar bindiga da kuma tasirin da ta yi.
Bindigogi nawa ake da su a Amurka?
Ganin cewa ƙidaya adadin bindigogin da ke da akwai a hannun mutane abu ne mai wahala gano adadin su, alƙaluma daga wani bincike na Small Arms Survey wanda kamfanin bincike ne na ƙasar Switzerland ya nuna cewa akwai bindigogi miliyan 390 da ke yawo a 2018.
Idan aka ƙimanta adadin bindigogi 120.5 a duk gida 100, kusan kashi 88 cikin 100 a 20111, hakan na nufin adadin ya wuce na sauran ƙasashen duniya.
Bayanai na baya-bayan nan sun ce adadin masu mallakar bindiga ya ƙaru a shekarun da suka gabata. Wani bincike da aka wallafa ya gano cewa baligai miliyan 7.5 na Amurka - kasa da kashi uku cikin 100 na ƴan ƙasar ne suka zama mammalaka bindiga na farko tsakanin Janairun 2019 da Afrilun 2021.
Hakan ya sa mutum miliyan 11 suka samu damar riƙe bindiga a gidaje ciki har da yara miliyan biyar. Kusan rabin masu riƙe bindiga a lokacin mata ne, kuma kashi 40 cikin 100 kodai baƙar fata ne ko kuma ƴan yankin Latin Amurka.
Wani bincike na daban da aka wallafa a 2021 ya alaƙanta ƙaruwar riƙe bindiga a lokacin annobar korona da ƙaruwar raunin da yaran ke samu da wanda yara suka jawo.
Ya batun ƙididdigar waɗanda bindiga ta yi sanadin mutuwarsu a Amurka
Kamar yadda hukumar da ke kiyaye cutuka masu yaɗuwa ta Amurka ta bayyana, jummular mutum 45,222 ne suka mutu daga raunin da suka samu sakamakon bindiga a 2020.
A yayin da harbi mai kan mai uwa da wabi ke ƙara jan hankalin kafofin watsa labarai, a cikin kashi 54 cikin 100 kusan mutum 24,300 da suka rasu sun rasu ne sakamakon kashe kansu da suka yi.
Wanni bincike da aka wallafa a 2016 ya gano cewa akwai dangantaka mai ƙarfi tsakanin adadi mai yawa na mallakar bindiga a ƙasa da kuma adadi mai yawa na masu kashe kansu da bindiga .
Masu neman a yi doka mai ƙarfi dangane da riƙe bindiga a Amurka na yawan kawo wannan ƙididdigar idan suna ƙoƙarin jan hankalin yan majalisa da su zuba ƙarin kuɗaɗe wajen kula da lafiyar ƙwaƙwalwa da kuma wasu da ke son kawo sauyi a dokar riƙe bindiga.
Ta ya za a kwatanta yadda ake kashe mutane da bindiga a Amurka da wasu ƙasashen?
A shekarar 2020, kashi 43 cikin 100 na waɗanda suka rasu wato mutum 19,384 kenan an kashe su ne, kamar yadda wata ƙididdiga daga hukumar CDC ta nuna. Wannan adadin na wakiltar kashi 34 cikin 100 daga 2019 da kuma ƙaruwar kashi 75 cikin 100 a shekara goma da suka wuce.
Kusan mutum 53 ake kashewa a kullum da bindiga a Amurka, kamar yadda ƙididdiga ta nuna.
Wannan ƙididdigar ta nuna cewa aksarin kisan da ake yi , kashi 79 cikin da bindiga aka yi su.
Wannan adadi ne mai ɗumbin yawa da ya wuce na Canada da Australia da Ingila da Wales da wasu ƙasashen.
Ko kashe mutane da yawa a lokaci ɗaya na ƙara muni?
Sai dai yana da wahala a iya tantance mace-macen da ake samu ta hanyar harbin mutane da yawa a lokaci ɗaya da ke jan hankalin duniya.
A yayin da ƙasar ba ta da wata kalma ɗaya taƙamaimai da ake dangantawa da "harbe mutane da dama a lokaci guda", cikin shekara 10 hukumar FBI ta bi diddigin "harbe-harben da suka faru" wato irin wanda mutum ɗaya ke buɗewa mutane da dama wuta a waje guda."
A cewar FBI, an samu irin wannan kashe-kashe 345 a Amurka daga tsakanin shekarar 2000 zuwa 2020, da suka yi sanadin mutuwar mutum 1,024, mutum 1,828 kuma suka ji rauni.
Cikin munanan hare-hare irin wannan har da wanda ya faru a Las Vegas a 2017, inda aka kashe muutm 50, wasu 500 kuma suka jikkata. Yawanci a kan samu mace-mace kamar 30 a irin waɗannan kashe-kashe.
Wa ke goyon bayan taƙaita amfani da bindiga?
Duk da irin kiraye-kirayen da ake yawan yi yayin da ake fama da harbin kan mai uwa da wabi - masu goyon bayan sanya tsauraran matakan mallakar bindiga sun ragu sosai a Amurka tun daga 2014 har zuwa 2020, a cewar wata ƙuri'ar jin ra'ayin jama'a ta Gallup.
Kashi 52 cikin 100 na Amurkawa da aka yi bincike a kansu sun ce suna so a sanya tsauraran matakai na mallakar bindiga, yayin da kashi 35 cikin 100 suka ce a bar dokokin yadda suke.
Kashi 11 cikin 100 kuwa sun ce ya kamata a sassauta dokokin,
Sai dai lamarin ya rabu ɓangare biyu ne inda manyan jam'iyyun ƙasar kowa ke da nasa ra'ayin.
"Bakin ƴan Democrat kusan ya zo ɗaya wajen goyon bayan a sanya tsauraran matakai kan mallakar bindiga, inda kashi 91 cikin 100 suka goyi bayan hakan."
Yayin da a ɗaya hannun kuma kashi 24 na ƴan Republican ne kawai suka yarda da hakan.
Wasu jihohin sun ɗauki matakan haramta ko sanya tsauraran matakan mallakar makamai. Dokoki sun bambanta a jihohi, amma a California alal misali, an haramta mallakar makamai sai dai a bisa wasu dalilai ƙalilan.
Wa ke adawa da taƙaita mallakar makamai?
Duk dayawan shekarun da aka shafe ana tataɓurza kan kashe kuɗaɗe a kan batun taƙaita mallakar makamai, ƙungiyar masu ƙera bindiga ta ƙasar NRA, ta kasance wacce ta fi ƙarfi wajen ganin ba a sa dokokin taƙaita mallakar makaman ba a Amurka, inda take ware makuɗan kuɗaɗe don neman goyon bayan ƴan majalisar dokoki a kan tsare-tsaren mallakar bindiga.
A watan Janairu, NRA ta shigar da ƙara kan karayar tattalin arziki sakamakon wata almundahana da aka samu hannun manyan jami'anta a ciki.
Wasu jihohin da dama sun yi ƙoƙarin kawar da dokoki kan batun waye zai iya mallakar bindiga. A watan Yunin 2021 alal misali, gwamnan Texas Greg Abbott ya sanya hannu kan wata doka da ta bai wa mazauna jihar izinin ɗaukar ƙaramar bindigar hannu ba tare da lasisi ko ƙwarewa ba.
Haka ma a ranar 12 ga watan Afrilu jihar Georgia ta zama ta 25 da ta kawar da buƙatar samun izinin ɗaukar bindiga. Hakan na nufin duk ɗan jihar zai iya ɗaukar bindiga ba tare da izini ko lasisi ba.
Kuma ƙungiyar NRA ta goyi bayan wannan doka.