Yaƙin Ukraine: Yadda yaƙin Rasha ke barazana ga hadin kan binciken sararin samaniya

Yaƙin Ukraine na barazanar kawo karshen haɗin-kai tsawon shekaru tsakanin Rasha da kasashen yamma kan shirin binciken sararrin samaniya.

Matakin zai shafi bincike da kaddamar da tauraron dan Adam, amma babu abin da ke nuna rabuwar kawuna game da cibiyar binciken sararrin samaniya ta duniya (ISS).

An gina cibiyar da gagan da hadin-kan Rasha da Amurka - ma'ana suna bukatar juna wajen wanzuwar cibiyar - kuma tun 2000 ana gudanar da harkokinsa ne da gudumawar Amurka da Rasha. (Roscosmos), Dmitry Rogozin.

A wasu jeren sakonni tun daga 25 ga watan Fabarairu, Rogozin ya wallafa sakonni da dama na zarge-zarge, musamman wanda ke batun cewa takunkuman da aka kakabawa Rasha za suyi tasiri wajan rikitowar naurar ISS zuwa duniya.

Tashar ISS

Rasha na iko da naurori da dama a cibiyar, ciki harda wanda ke hannan taurarinsu fadowa cikin duniyar nan.

Rogozin (wanda kuma tsohon mataimakin firaministan ne a Rasha) akwai wasu bayanai da ke nuna yiwuwar Rasha ta yi watsi da taurarin da ISS ta harba da barin ɗan sama jannatin Amurka Mark Vend Hei, wanda ya shafe kusan shekara guda cikin tauraron da aka harba - kuma kusan dukakin jirage da ke shige da fice a wannan tasha ta sararin samaniya rokokin Rasha ke sarrafau.

Roscosmos, kodayake, sun nesanta kansu daga kalaman Rogozin.

"Roscosmos ba su taɓa bada hujja da ke diga ayar tambaya kan sahihancinsu ba a matsayin abka hulda," a cewar masu kula da tashar cikin wata sanarwa da suka fitar a ranar 15 ga watan Maris.

Kwana hudu bayan haka, 'yan saman janatin Rasha hudu sun isa tashar. A cewar Vandei Hei, Amurka za ta taimakawa abokan aikinsa biyu dawo wa gida a ranar 30 ga watan Maris.

Yarjejeniyar da aka cimma kan tashar ISS ya kunshi bada tabbacin aiki har zuwa shekara ta 2024, amma Amurka na matsa kaimi don ganin yarjejeniyar ta yi aiki har zuwa 2030. Russia - ko kuma Rogozin - a watan Disamba ta nuna cewa ba za ta da niyya ci gaba da wannan kawance bayan shekara ta 2024.

Wargajewar alaƙa

Yarjeniyoyi da dama tsakanin Rasha da abokan huldarta irin hukumar kula da sararin samaniya ta Turai, ESA, an dakatar ko datse tun soma yaki, daga cikinsu akwai shirin harba tauraro zuwa duniyar Mars, wanda za a aiwatar da taimakon rokokin Rasha.

Yanzu haka ESA ta dakatar da wannan aiki har sai baba ta gani.

"Yayin da muke duba tasirin kimiya wajen wadanna ayyuka a sararin samaniya, ESA tana aiki da takunkuman da mambobin Turai suka kakabawa Rasha.

Rasha ta mayar da martani ta hanyar ficewa daga yarjejeniyar na hadin-gwiwar harba taurari duniyar Mars. Wannan mataki zai shafi taurarin kasashen Turai 26 da ayyukansu tun daga shekara ta 2011.

A karshe, Roscosmos ya sanar cewa a ranar 26 ga watan Fabarairu zai kawo karshen rawar da NASA ke takawa wajen wasu ayyukanta, ciki harda harba taurarn da za ke zagaye duniyar Venus a 2029.

'Su yi tsallensu su ɗaya'

Moscow ta ce za ta daina sayarwa kamfanonin Amura injinan roka.

"Su tsaya da kafafuwarsu," Rogozin ya shaida wa tashar talabin din Rasha Rossiya 24 a farkon wannan watan.

A sanarwar baya-bayanan da ta fitar kan rikicin Ukraine, Hukumar sararin samaniyar Amurka Nasa ta kalubalanci kalmomin Rogozin.

"Saura mutanen da suka yi aiki a tashar sararin samaniyar Rasha, na da kwarewa. Basu yi wani kewa ba, a cewar ɗan saman janatin Amurka kuma jagora wajen wadana ayyua," Bill Nelson a wata sanarwa da ya fitar ranar 18 ga watan Maris.

Amurka da Rasha na da hadin kai kan batutuwan da suka shafe sararin samaniya a tsawon shekaru, duk da cewa akwai yakin cacar-baka tsakaninsu.

Karba-karba da Rasha

Hadin-kan na da muhimmanci ga Nasa bayan dakatar da wasu ayyukansu sararin samaniya: tsakanin 2011 zuwa 2020, rokokin Rasha sun kasance hanya daya tilo da Amurka da sauran kasashe ke iya kai wa ga wata duniyar.

Yayin da da kamfanin Space X, mallakin attajirin Amurka Elon Musk, ya sona tura ɗan sama jannati duniyar Mars a 2020, wannan ba haifar da wani sauyi kan lamuran ba.

Akasarin ayyukan Amurka sun dagora ne kan injinin sarafa makaman roka da Rasha ke samarwa.

Tashin hankali tsakanin Rasha da abokan-huldarta na yammaci ya soma ne tun kafin mamayar Ukraine. Dr Bleddyn Bowe, wanda ke da kwarewa kan sararin samaniya a jami'ar Leicester ta Burtaniya ya ce dama alaka tayi tsami tun lokacin mamayar Rasha a Crimea a shekara ta 2014.

"Wannan ya haifar da sauya alkibila, saboda alokacin Rasha ta soma aiwatar da ayyukan da kasashen Turai ba su taba tunani ba," a cewar Dr Bowe.

Yayinda kwararan bai nuna mamaki ba kan martanin Moscow, ya nuna cewa Rasha ce za ta fi tafka asara a siyasar mamaya a sararin samaniya.

Kawance da China

With the Russian economy hit by unprecedented sanctions, the space programme is likely to suffer badly.

Yayin da tattalin arzikin Rasha ke jin jiki saboda takunkumai da ake kakabamata, akwai yiwuwar shirin tashar sararin samaiya ya fuskanci manyan kalubale.

Harba makaman roka na samar da kudade sosai ga Roscosmos - kan kowanne roka guda NASA na biyan Rasha kudin da ya kai $90m a 2020.

Masu sharhi kan sararin samaniya na ganin cewa dole yanzu Rasha ta karkata gabashi wajen neman abokan-hulda. Rasha tuni ta soma sanar da anniyarta na neman hadin kan China kan gina duniyar wata.

A shekaun baya-bayanan China ta shiga gagarumin gasa wajen karfin iko da sararin samaniya inda take karawar hamaya da Amurka da Turai.

China ba ta cikin kasashen da ke da damar gudanar da wasu ayyukan a tshar Nasa, tun a 2011 aka haramta mata tura koda ɗan saman jannati ne, bayan majalisar Aurka ta kada kuri'a da ke tabbatar da wannan haramcin.

Nasa ta yi kasafin 2022, kan kusan dala biliyan 24 wajen ayyukanta a cibiyar, kudin daya ninka abin da Roscommos ke kashewa sau 10, a cewar rahotan da Rasha ta fitar a Oktoban bara.

China ita ma tayi kasafin kashe kusan dala biloyan 9 wajen harkoki a sararin samaniya a 2020.

Kuma abu ne mai wuya a iya ware China ko hanata cimma manufarta, a cewar masana.