Mece ce manufar Rasha ta gaba? Ƙasashen da ke son samun garkuwa daga Putin

Hoton da aka haɗa na shugaban Poland Andrzej Duda, da shugaban Lithuania Gitanas Nauseda, da shugabar Hukumar Tarayyar Turai Ursula von der Leyen, da shugaban Estonia Alar Karis, da kuma shugaban Latvia Edgars Rinkevics
Bayanan hoto, Hoton da aka haɗa na shugaban Poland Andrzej Duda, da shugaban Lithuania Gitanas Nauseda, da shugabar Hukumar Tarayyar Turai Ursula von der Leyen, da shugaban Estonia Alar Karis, da kuma shugaban Latvia Edgars Rinkevics
Mece ce manufar Rasha ta gaba? Ƙasashen da ke son samun garkuwa daga Putin
    • Marubuci, Katya Adler
    • Sanya sunan wanda ya rubuta labari, Europe editor
  • An wallafa
  • Lokacin karatu: Minti 8

Na fara aiki da rundunar sojin sama shekara 35 da suka gabata lokacin ina da shekara 18, inda aka tura ni Jamus kai tsaye, ina aiki da jirgin yaƙi na Tornado," in ji sojan Burtaniya Air Commodore Andy Turk, wanda a yanzu shi ne mataimakin kwamandan sojin lema masu kai ɗaukin farko na dakarun Nato (AWACS). Lokacin ana gab da kawo ƙarshen yaƙin cacar baka.

"Bayan yaƙin ya ƙare, mun zaci komai ya wuce, za a ci gaba da rayuwa lami lafiya, sai dai ba manufar Rasha ke nan ba. Ga shi yanzu babban ɗana yana son shiga sojin sama, yana son ya kawo sauyi shi ma... abin ya zama kamar muna zagaye ne a wuri ɗaya."

Muna cikin wani jirgin sintiri ne na Nato, inda muka tashi har nisan ƙafa 30,000 a saman tekun Baltic. Jirgin na ƙunshe da wata makekiyar na'urar tattara bayanai, wadda ke bai wa ma'aikatan jirgin damar sanya ido sosai kan abubuwan da ke faruwa a ɗaruruwan kilomitoci, domin ganin ko Rasha na kitsa wani abu.

Irin wannan sintiri ta sama - da kuma kasancewa cikin ƙungiyar Nato - sun sanya ƙananan ƙasashen Baltic kamar Lithuania, Latvia da Estonia (waɗanda maƙwaftan Rasha ne) na jin cewa suna cikin aminci. To amma a yanzu shugaba Amurka Donald Trump na sauya hakan, sanadiyyar ƙawancensa da Vladimir Putin, wanda za a iya ganin hakan tun a lokacin mulkinsa na farko.

AWACS Dep Commander Andy Turk stands in front of a plane
Bayanan hoto, Sojan saman Burtaniya Air Commodore, Andy Turk

Trump ya bayyana ƙarara manufarsa ga ƙasashen Turai, a karon farko tun bayan yaƙin duniya na biyu, cewa ƙasashen Turai ba za su ci gaba da samun tallafin soji na Amurka a ɓagas ba.

Wannan ya jefa ƙasashen Baltic cikin ɗariɗari. Sun kwashe shekara 40 ƙarƙashin Tarayyar Soviet har sai dai suka ɓalle a ƙarshen yaƙin cacar baka.

Yanzu sun zama ƙasashen Nahiyar Turai kuma ƙasashen Nato, to amma har yanzu Putin na kallon ƙasashen Baltic a matsayin waɗanda Rasha ke da iko a kansu.

Kuma idan har shugaban na Rasha ya yi nasara a Ukraine, shin hankalinsa zai koma kansu ke nan - musamman idan ya yi tunanin cewa Trump ba zai tsoma baki a lamarin ba?

'Sauya alƙiblar tattalin arziƙin Rasha'

Mataimakin daraktan Cibiyar kawo sauyi ta Yankin Turai, Ian Bond, na ganin cewa idan aka cimma yarjejeniyar tsagaita wuta na mai dogon zango kan yaƙin Ukraine, da wuya Putin ya tsaya a nan kawai.

"Babu wanda zai so a ce an kusa fara yaƙi a nahiyar Turai. To amma batun gaskiya shi ne ana samun ƙaruwar masana bayanan sirri na ƙasashen Turai da ce faɗa mana cewa...

"Ko da abin na tafe ne a cikin shekara uku ko biyar ko shekara 10, abin da suke cewa shi ne yanzu babu tabbas kan cewa nahiyar Turai za ta ci gaba da zama cikin lumana har abada."

NATO Secretary General Mark Rutte speaks during a meeting with U.S. President Donald Trump in the Oval Office

Asalin hoton, Getty Images

Bayanan hoto, Sakatare-Janar na ƙungiyar Nato, Mark Rutte ya yi maraba da buƙatar Donald Trump kan cewa ƙasashen ƙungiyar su ƙara yawan kuɗin da suke kashewa a ɓangaren tsaro

Yanzu haka tattalin arziƙin Rasha ya dogara ne da yaƙi. Kimanin kashi 40% na kasafin kuɗin ƙasar ana kashe shi ne kan tsaron cikin gida.

Ana ƙara haɓɓaka ɓangaren ƙera makaman yaƙi a kodayaushe.

"Muna iya ganin yadda aka sauya alƙiblar tattalin arziƙin Rasha," in ji Mr Bond, "kuma ba zuwa ga zaman lafiya ba ne."

'Salo da dabaru' da ake amfani da su a iyakar Estonia

Idan ka yi tafiya zuwa Narva da ke arewacin Estonia, za ka fahimci yadda iyakokin ƙasar suke a ɓude.

Rasha na da iyaka da Estonia daga arewaci zuwa kudanci. Tsakanin Narva da Rasha teku ne ya raba. A gaɓar tekun kowanne ɓangaren akwai tutar ƙasar da ke mallakin gabar. Sannan akwai gada - gadar ƙarshe da turai ta bar Rasha na amfani da ita.

"Mun gano dabarunsu da salonsu," in ji babban ɗansandan iyakar ƙasar Estonia, Egert Belitsev.

Narva
Bayanan hoto, Wannan wani tsohon gini ne da ke ɓangaren Estonia a tekun Narva

"Mun saba da barazanar Rasha," in ji shi, sannan ya ƙara da cewa, "kullum cikin neman tashin hankali suke yi," a bakin iyakar ƙasar.

Ƴansandan na bakin iyaka suna amfani da na'urar ɗaukar hoto ne domin kula da harkokin da ke gudana a tekun Narva da ke raba tsakanin ƙasashen biyu.

"Muna amfani jirage marasa matuƙa ne wajen ɗaukar hotunan, kuma duka da layin sadarwa na GPS suke amfani, wanda ya sa ake yawan samun katsewar layin."

Egert Belitsev
Bayanan hoto, Shugaban ƴansandan bakin iyaka na Estonia, Egert Belitsev, ya ce akwai barazana da yunƙurin tayar da zaune tsaye a bakin iyakar

Daga bisani, na yi tattaki zuwa wata gada da dusar ƙanƙara ta mamaye, wadda ake bi a shiga Rasha, muna kallon-kallo da wani jami'in bakin iyaka na Rasha.

Kusan kashi 96 na mazauna Narva da harshen Rasha suke amfani. Da dama daga cikinsu kuma suna da shaidar ɗan ƙasa guda biyu.

Estonia na da fargabar cewa Vladimir Putin zai iya amfani ɗimbin masu amfani da harshen ƙasar a Narva a domin kutsawa. Dabarar da ya yi amfani da ita ke nan a Georgia da ma Ukraine.

A wani mataki kuma, Estonia da Lithuania da Poland sun sanar a makon jiya cewa sun ba majalisun ƙasarsu umarnin yin dokoki domin janyewa daga yarjejeniyar daina amfani da bama-baman da ake binnewa a ƙasa, wadda ƙasashe 160 da suke ciki.

Wannan zai "taimaka musu," wajen kare bakin iyakokin ƙasashensu, kamar yadda suka bayyana.

Shin ƙasashen da ba su a ciki Nato ne suka fi fuskantar barazana?

Camille Grand, tsohon mataimakin sakatare-janar na asusun tsaro na Nato yana tunanin Putin zai fi mayar da hankali kan ƙasashen da ba su a cikin Nato (kamar Moldova), maimakon ƙasashen Nato - saboda gudun fushin ƙasashen duniya.

Estonia da wasu maƙwabtanta sun fi fuskantar barazana sama da sauran ƙasashen Nato, saboda suna da nisa da sauran ƙasashen ƙungiyar na yammacin turai, kamar yadda Mista Grand. Amma yanzu an ɗan samu sauƙi, sanadiyar shigar Sweden da Finland Nato bayan Rasha ta ƙaddamar da yaƙi a Ukraine.

A screen grab from a video which shows Russian President Vladimir Putin, dressed in military uniform, with maps and documents in front

Asalin hoton, Kremlin Press Office handout via Getty Images

Bayanan hoto, Vladimir Putin zai riƙa tunanin yadda ƙasashen ƙungiyar Nato za su ɗauki mataki idan aka samu matsala a yankin Baltics

Idan aka tabbatar da tsagaita wuta a Ukraine, Dokta Messmer ya yi hasashen Rasha za ta cigaba da yaƙin farfaganda da kuma kawo tarnaƙi a harkokin da ke gudana a tekun Baltic.

Messmer ya ƙara da cewa, "wata matsalar da nake hangowa ita ce za a iya samun hatsari a tekun Baltic wanda bai da alaƙa da kowa, amma saboda ayyukan Rasha, sai ya zama tamkar tana da hannu. Wannan zai iya haifar da tankiya tsakanin Nato da Rasha, wanda kuma zai iya zama wani abin daban."

Sannan Mista Grand ya ce ba zai yi mamaki ba idan Putin ya kai farmaki a Baltics ɗin.

Yaya haɗin kan ƙasashen Nato?

Kamar yadda ake zato, dole shugaban Rasha ya yi tunanin yadda ƙasashen Nato za su fuskance shi.

Shin Amurka, ko Faransa ko Italiya ko Birtaniya za su shiga yaƙi da Rasha saboda Narva, wani ɓangare na Estonia?

Haka kuma Rasha za ta kawo tsaiko a yankin tekun Baltics, kuma ko yaya ne, zai sa masu zuba hannun su ja baya, saboda za su daina kallon yankin a matsayin mai amintacce.

Wata matsalar da ake tattaunawa a Estonia ita ce Donald Trump zai iya janyewa, ko kuma ya rage yawan sojojin Amurka da ke taimakon ƙasashen turai.

Gine-gine a Tallinn
Bayanan hoto, A gabashin birnin Tallinn na Estonia, ministocin ƙasar sun amince da tunanin Donald Trump cewa ya kamata ƙasashen turai su ƙara ƙaima wajen kare kansu

Ministan tsaron Estonia, Hanno Pevkur ya ce, "a game da sojojin Amurka, ba mu san wane mataki gwamnatin ƙasar za ta ɗauka ba.

"Ta sha nanata cewa dole ƙasashen turai su ba kansu kariya. Kuma mun amince da wannan matakin."

"Dole mu yarda da kanmu sannan mu yarda da ƙawayenmu. Lallai kai hari a ƙasar Estonia, daidai yake da kai hari a dukkan ƙasashen Nato,"

Ya ce tambayar da ya kamata a fara yi yanzu ita ce, shin ƙasashen Nato 32 "muna da haɗin kai ko babu?"

Kariyar Putin

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Yanzu za ku iya samun labaran BBC Hausa kai-tsaye a wayoyinku.

Latsa nan domin shiga

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Labarin rashin tsaro da ya daɗe yana dabibaye kanun labarai a yankin Baltics da Poland - kusa da Rasha - yana nuna buƙatar da ke akwai na tattaunawa tare da samar da dokoki a yankin.

A kwanakin baya Poland ta sanar da cewa duk wani namiji da ya girma dole ya samu atisayen soji. Firaminista Donald Tusk shi ma ya nuna sha'awarsa kan shawarar Faransa ta ba ƙawayenta damar shiga lemar nukiliyarta, idan Amurka ta janye kariyarta.

Masu kaɗa ƙuri'a a Baltics za su yi farin ciki idan aka ware maƙudan kuɗade domin ba Estonia kariya.

Tallinn ma ta sanar da za ta kashe kashi 5 na kuɗin shigarta na cikin gida domin tsaro daga baɗi, Lithuania kuma za ta kashe kimanin kashi 5 zuwa 6.

Poland za ta fara kashe kashi 4.7 a tsaro - tana so ta samar da rundunar sojin ƙasa mafi girma a turai, wadda za ta haura Faransa da Birtaniya. Birtaniya na kashe 2.3, sannan za ta ƙara kuɗin zuwa kashi 2.6 na kuɗin shigarta na cikin gida a 2027.

Waɗannan matakan ba za su rasa nasaba da fargabar Amurka za ta iya daina bayar da kariyar ba. Trump ya sake nanatawa ko a watan jiya cewa, "idan Nato ba ta biya ba, ba zan kare su ba."

Wata tsarin na Estonia

A yanzu da babu tabbas daga Washington, Estonia ta fi mayar da hankalinta wajen neman kariya daga ƙawayenta na turai. Birtaniya na kan gaba a nan. Yanzu akwai sojoin Birtaniya 900 a Estonia, a inda ƙasar ta zama ƙasar da Birtaniya ta fi jibge sojoji a ƙasashen waje. Kuma ta ce a shirye take ta ƙara.

Manjo Alex Humphries, ɗaya daga cikin jagororin sojojin da suke ƙasar, inda ake canja su duk bayan wata shida, ya ce akwai kayan aiki a hannunsu, sai dai ya ce ƙasashen Nato na fuskantar barazana saboda iyakokinsu ta gabashi a buɗe yake.

Major Alex Humphries
Bayanan hoto, Manj Alex Humphries ya ce iyakokinsu ta gabashi a buɗe kariya

Da aka tambaye shi ko Estonia ta je Birtaniya domin neman ƙarin sojoji, ya ce, "ina tunanin dukkan ƙasashen Nato suna fuskantar barazana. Dole mu haɗa kai wajen kare kanmu da kanmu."

"Ba mu fata a fara yaƙi, amma yaƙin ya zo, a shirye muke mu gwabza da Rasha domin kare Estonia."

Don haka Estonia ba ta wasa da kowace dama. Wannan ya sa ita ma take gwada makamanta a bakin iyakarta da Rasha, kuma take zuba jari a fasahar jirage marasa matuƙa. Duk da cewa sojojinta ba za su iya kare ƙasar daga Rasha ba, tana koyon darasi daga Ukraine.