Kuki Ubwongereza buhora buhindura ba Minisitiri w'intebe?

Rero Sir Keir Starmer abaye Minisitiri w'intebe wa gatandatu weguye cyangwa wahatiwe kuva ku butegetsi bitewe n'abatora mu myaka 10 ishize.

Niba hari ushidikanya, ibi si ibintu bisanzwe muri politike y'Ubwongereza. Niba utabyemera, tekereza kuri iki: kuva uyu mwanya wa Minisitiri w'intebe washyirwaho mu kinyejana cya 18, ugereranyije bamaze hafi imyaka itanu ku butegetsi buri umwe.

Mu myaka 10 ishize, icyo gihe cyaragabanutse kigera hafi ku mezi 18 gusa!

None se kuki hari uku guhindaguranya kudasanzwe? Birumvikana ko buri umwe muri abo bategetsi batandatu afite impamvu ze zihariye.

David Cameron yeguye kuko yari yaratumijeho kandi akanatsindwa kamarampaka ku kwivana kw'Ubwongereza mu muryango w'Ubumwe bw'Uburayi (EU) mu 2016.

Theresa May na we yagizweho ingaruka na Brexit (ukuva muri EU kw'Ubwongereza), aho abadepite akenshi bagiye banga amasezerano ye ajyanye n'imibanire mishya y'Ubwongereza na EU kugeza ubwo ataragishoboye kuguma kuri uwo mwanya.

Boris Johnson we yahatiwe kwegura bitewe cyane na kamere ye, ubunyangamugayo bwe n'imyanzuro yafashe, aho abadepite b'ishyaka rye rya Conservative bemeje ko yari amaze kuba umutwaro cyane ku ishyaka kurusha uko yari kuribera inyungu mu matora nko mu bihe byabanje.

Liz Truss yakubiswe hasi n'uko amasoko y'imari atakiriye neza gahunda ze zo kugabanya imisoro. Abashoramari bashidikanyaga ku buryo ayo mavugurura yari gushoboka atagaragaje uko leta yari kubona amafaranga yo kuziba icyuho cyabaga kivutse, bityo bituma yegura.

Uwa nyuma ku rutonde mu bo mu ishyaka rya Conservative, Rishi Sunak, ni we wenyine wavanyweho binyuze mu matora, akurwa ku butegetsi n'abaturage batora bari barambiwe imyaka 14 y'ubutegetsi bw'ishyaka rya Conservative.

Ku byerekeye Sir Keir uherutse kwegura, we byatewe n'uko yatakarijwe icyizere n'abadepite bo mu ishyaka riri ku butegetsi rya Labour, babona ko kuba adakunzwe cyane bishobora guteza ikibazo gikomeye ishyaka ryabo.

Ariko uretse izi mpamvu za buri muntu ku giti cye zatumye ava kuri uwo mwanya, hari ikindi kinini kiri kubera mu Bwongereza gituma politiki yabwo irushaho gukara no kuba mbi kurushaho, kandi abaturage batora bakarushaho kutababarira no gucikamo ibice kurushaho.

None se ni iki kindi kiri kubitera?

Kutishima kwimbitse

Amakusanyabitekerezo, ibazwa ryo mu matsinda (focus groups) n'ibindi bimenyetso bigaragaza ko hari imyumvire ikomeye mu batora ko abanyapolitiki batita ku mpamvu eshatu zikomeye zitera abantu kutishimira ibibakorerwa:

1. Imibereho y'abaturage idatera imbere

Ni uguhagarara kw'izamuka ry'imibereho. Ibi bibazo byatangiye nyuma y'ihungabana rikomeye ry'ubukungu ku isi ryabaye mu 2008.

Rero nubwo turimo kureba impamvu Ubwongereza bwagize ba Minisitiri w'intebe batandatu kuva mu 2016, dushobora no gutangirira kuri icyo gihe cyo mu 2008.

Kugira ngo tubyumve neza, imiterere y'uko imibereho idatera imbere ku buryo bugaragara nk'ubu ntibyari bimenyerewe kuva mu ntambara za Napoléon Bonaparte mu ntangiriro y'ikinyejana cya 19.

Iyo abantu bafite ibibazo by'ubukungu bakumva ko leta itabashije gusohoza iryo sezerano 'ritagatifu' (ryubashywe), nubwo ritavugwa, ry'uko abana bagomba kubaho neza kurusha ababyeyi babo, ntibitangaje kubona umwuka uba mubi mu bantu.

Ikindi giteye impungenge abanyapolitike ni uko amakusanyabitekerezo yumvikanisha ko kugira icyizere gicye cy'uko ubukungu buzatera imbere bigeze ku rwego rwo hejuru cyane kuva mu mwaka 1978, igihe hari hariho izamuka rikabije ry'ibiciro n'imvururu zishingiye ku kazi mu gihugu.

2. Serivisi za leta zidahagije

Icya kabiri gitera kutishima ni imyumvire y'uko nta kintu na kimwe gikora neza mu Bwongereza, aho abantu bumva ko serivisi za leta, yaba ubwikorezi, ubutabera cyangwa ikindi icyo ari cyo cyose, zidatanga umusaruro uko bikwiye.

Ibi birumvikana ko ku ruhande rumwe ari ingaruka y'uko kwiyongera gacye kw'ubukungu, bigatuma imibereho ikomeza kuguma ku rwego rumwe.

Muri uru rwego, uko kuzamuka gucye kw'ubukungu kwatumye za guverinoma zikurikiranye zibura amafaranga ahagije yo gushora mu bikorwa-remezo no mu bindi bintu abaturage baha agaciro nko mu burezi n'ubuvuzi.

3. Impungenge ku bumwe bw'abaturage

Icya gatatu gitera kutanyurwa ni impungenge zakwirakwiye zerekeye ubumwe bw'abaturage , cyangwa se uko abantu babona ko nta buhari.

Amakusanyabitekerezo yumvikanisha ko abaturage barenga 80% bumva ko igihugu cyacitsemo ibice.

Abantu benshi begeka uko kwiyumvamo gucikamo ibice ku kigero cyo hejuru cy'abimukira mu myaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo ishize, ndetse no kuba, uko bamwe babibona, hari abantu bamwe basanzwe bari mu Bwongereza batarinjira mu buzima rusange bwaho ngo babwiyumvemo.

Kandi, n'aho byaba ari ukuri cyangwa atari ko, abatora benshi batekereza ko abaminisitiri b'intebe bo mu gihe cya vuba aha gishize batarumva uburakari bwabo kuburyo bumva Ubwongereza bwarahindutse.

Mu yandi magambo, Ubwongereza, kimwe n'ibindi bihugu by'i Burayi, buracyahanganye n'ikibazo cy'uko abantu babana mu muryango mugari (sosiyete) ugizwe n'amoko menshi, imico itandukanye kandi bakomoka mu bihugu byinshi.

Wenda ikindi cyahindutse, kandi urebye si mu Bwongereza gusa, ni uko abantu batakigarukira gusa ku kuba barakaye, ahubwo basigaye bararushijeho kutabisha.

Yaba ari amakosa y'imbuga nkoranyambaga cyangwa ibindi bintu, abantu bagaragaza ku mugaragaro urwango cyangwa kutishimira abanyapolitike ku giti cyabo, harimo n'abaminisitiri b'intebe, mu buryo butari gutekerezwa mu myaka micye ishize.

Ntibushobotse gutegekwa?

Ese hari ukuntu igihugu cyahindutse ikidashobora gutegekwa – ikaba ari yo mpamvu tugiye kubona Minisitiri w'intebe wa karindwi muri iyi myaka 10 ishize?

Benshi mu banyapolitike ntibashobora kugera kure kuri urwo rwego. Bavuga ko nubwo gutegeka byarushijeho kugorana muri iyi si igenda irushaho kugorana no kuba urusobe, kandi abaturage bakaba baracitsemo ibice kurushaho, bitavuze ko gutegeka bidashoboka.

Ariko kuba abaminisitiri b'intebe batandatu bamaze kunanirwa gukuraho igicu cy'umwijima n'icyizere gicye gisa n'ikibuditse kuri iki gihugu kuva ku ihungabana ry'ubukungu ryo mu 2008 ndetse na kamarampaka kuri Brexit yo mu 2016, birumvikana ko hazabaho gushidikanya ku bijyanye n'uko uwa karindwi, uwo yaba ari we wese, azagira amahirwe arenze ayo abo bamubanjirije bagize.