Amatora ya Nigeria: Urwaruka rwashize icizere ku wudahabwa amahirwe

By Nduka Orjinmo

BBC News, Abuja

Urwaruka rwo muri Nigeria ruriko ruratuma amatora ya prezida yo kuri uyu wa gatandatu abamwo uguhiganwa gukomeye kuva intwaro za gisirikare zisezerewe mu 1999, aho benshi bari inyuma y'umukandida w'umugambwe uza mu kibanza ca gatatu kugira asubirire ku butegetsi bw'ico gihugu imigambwe ibiri ikomeye imaze imisi igitegeka, azane n'impinduka inyuma y'imyaka ata terambere, hari igiturire n'umutekano muke muri ico gihugu gifise abantu benshi ku mugabane wa Afrika.

Rufatiye ku myiyerekano yo kwiyamiriza ikoreshwa ry'inguvu z'umurengera kw'igipolisi EndSars, yo mu 2020 yahindutsemwo yo gusaba intwaro ibereye, urwaruka imiliyoni n'imiliyoni rwariyandikishije gutora ku ncuro ya mbere.

Umugore Rinu Oduala w'imyaka 24, ari mu bagize imyiyerekano bakugariza ibiro vy'umukuru w'intara ya Lagos mu myaka ibiri iheze yagize ati: "Mu gihe Nigeria yobandanya irohama, kazoba ari akaga, nta nkeka ko uyu ari umwanya nyawo wo guhindura ibintu.

N'aho iyo myiyerekano yahagaritswe ku nguvu n'igisirikare, gusambura umugwi w'igipolisi ca Sars vyafashwe nk'intsinzi.

Bisa n'uko ivyo vyaciye bihuza urwaruka rwa Nigeria rwose rutagira ayo rucira n'ayo rumira , ubu rukaba rurondera gushikira ubutegetsi bw'ico gihugu.

Umugabo benshi bashigikiye, Peter Obi wo mu mugambwe w'abakozi (Labour Party), ku myaka 61 ntari mu rwaruka. Kandi si uwa vuba muri politike ya Nigeria kuko yigeze kuba icegera c'umukandida yariko aritoreza kuba prezida wo mu mugambwe utavuga rumwe na reta wa Peoples Democratic Party (PDP).

Ariko afatwa nk'umuntu w'agaciro kubera ingene ashikirana, ukwicisha bugufi no kwitondera gukoresha amahera ya reta igihe yari arongoye intara ya Anambra.

Ovie Esan, umugabo w'imyaka 25 aba i Lagos yagize ati:"Nategerezwa kuba nteye ku ntera nini mu buzima bwanje ubu, meze neza ku vyerekeye amahera no mu magara, ariko nta mahera kandi hari abambuzi hose."

Benshi bagiriza Perezida Muhammadu Buhari agiye kuva ku butegetsi inyuma y'ibiringo vyiwe bibiri, kudatunganya neza ubutunzi bw'igihugu no gutwara mu gihe caranzwe n'umutekano muke cane muri ico gihugu kuva habaye intambara yabaye hagati ya 1967-1970.

Ku butegetsi bwiwe, urwaruka rwo muri Nigeria rwo mu rugero rugereranye rwaratakaje ubutunzi ku rugero rutari rwigere ruboneka.

Igice kimwe kuri batatu muri bo ntibashobora kuronka akazi, abanyeshure bama mu ngorane z'abigisha bama muri yegereyegere, abanye Nigeria na bo b'incabwenge baguma bagerageza kuva muri ico gihugu.

Hejuru yivyo, hiyongerako umutekano muke hose uterwa n'imirwi yitwaje ibigwanisho yishe abantu barenga 10.000, inanyuruza abarenga 5.000 mu mwaka uheze gusa, nk'uko bivugwa na International Crisis Group (ICG).

Mu gihe atanga icizere ku bihe bishasha, Obi ahanganye n'amahasa y'imigambwe ya APC na PDP yagiye irakurakuranwa ku butegetsi kuva haheze intwaro za gisirikare mu 1999. Abakandida b'iyo migambwe bose barengeje imyaka 70 mu gihugu aho ica gatatu c'abanye Nigeria imiliyoni 210 bari musi y'imyaka 35.

Ubwoko n'amadini kandi birafise uruhara mu guhitamwo kw'abazitaba amatora.

Obi arashigikiwe ku mugaragaro n'igitigiri kinini c'amadini y'abarokore bo mu bumanuko bwa Nigeria, akaba kandi ashobora kuronka amajwi y'abakristu babona ko baguma bacurwa bufuni na buhoro mu ntara zo mu buraruko ziganjemwo aba Islam.

Obi n'uwo mu bwoko bw'aba Igbo bo mu buseruko, ubwoko bugizwe n'abantu benshi muri Nigeria ariko butarigera buvamwo umuprezida.

Mu gihe bamwe bashigikiye ico ciyumviro ko hageze ko na bo baja ku butegetsi, abakandida ba APC na PDP bazonezerezwa no gushigikirwa n'intara baturukamwo - ubumanuko bushira uburengero hamwe n'uburaruko.

Ntawoshoka yemeza ko Obi agiye kuronka intsinzi.

Imigambwe ya APC na PDP ifise akarusho kuko izwi hose mu gihugu, mu gihe umugambwe w'abakozi usa n'uwo bitariko birorohera, na cane cane mu karere ko mu buraruko hagati mu gihugu, ahari amajwi menshi.

Imigambwe yompi ishobora kwikora ku buhinga bwa politike bumaze kwerekana ico bumaze kugira bakwegakwege ababashigikira ku munsi w'amatora mu bigwati aho abatora bumvira cane indongozi zabo.

N'aho ico gihugu gifise ubutunzi bwinshi bw'igitoro na gaz, nticigeze gitera imbere kubera igiturire kuva kironse intahe yo kwikukira mu 1960.

Akazwi kaja ku butegetsi, kaba ako abasirikare canke abasivile, ntikigeze gashobora gushikiriza abanyagihugu ibintu vy'ibanze nk'umuyagankuba, amazi meza n'ubuzi ku rwaruka rwinshi rwo muri ico gihugu.

Ubu, benshi basa n'abarambiwe n'ico umukuru w'akanama kajejwe gutegura amatora asigura ko ari " amatora y'abakiri bato.". Igitigiri c'akataraboneka c'abantu imiliyoni 93 bariyandikishije gutora, ibice 40% muri bo bakababafise imyaka iri musi ya 35.

Mu gihe igitigiri kinini cokwitaba ayo matora, bishobora kwerekana ko habaye impinduka muri kahise k'ico gihugu - igihe cogusubira kwisuganya no gutangura bushasha.

Muri kahise, urwaruka rw'abanye Nigeria na miliyoni n'imiliyoni z'abo mu rwego ruciriritse bo mu bumanuko barinuba ivyerekeye amatora kubera ubwoba bw'imidurumbanyo ku musi w'amatora n'urutonde rw'abitoza badatanga icizere.

Ariko icizere muri aya matora catanzwe na Obi.

Atogu Nneka, icegera c'uwurongoye ishure ryisumbuye rya reta ku mugwa mukuru wa Anambra, Awka, aho uwo mukandida w'umugambwe w'abakozi afise abanywanyi benshi agira ati:"Yemera cane ubushobozi bw'abantu kandi kandi yashize uburyo bwinshi mu burezi."

Obi yavuzeko urwaruka ruriko ruraharanira gutwara igihugu biciye kuri we, kandi akaba ari kumwe na benshi mu bagize uruhara mu myiyerekano ya EndSars.

Hakaba harimwo Aisha Yesufu, ifoto yiwe yashize igipfunsi hejuru ku musi hariko haraba imyiyerekano y'urwaruka imbere y'icicaro gikuru c'igipolisi i Abuja mu 2020 yabaye ikimenyetso ku rwaruka rwari mu myiyerekano.

Mw'ijambo yashikirije mu myiyamamazo ya nyuma mu ndwi zibiri ziheze i Lagos, yagize ati: "Baratwubahuye kuja muri politike ngo duhindure reta kandi ico ni co umwe wese ariko arakora."

Ariko mu matora, aho abakandida baza imbere bava mu ntara zitatu zikomeye muri ico gihugu, uwozotsinda azokenera ayandi majwi atava mu karere kiwe gusa kugira atahukane intsinzi, kandi ibi bishobora kutazorohera cane Obi gusumba abo bahanganye babiri.

Umugore umwe w'i Bakiyawwa, hagati mu gihugu mu ntara ya Katsina iri mu buraruko yagize ati: "Ni ho tugitangura kumwumva ariko nta n'umwe amuzi ngaha mu kigwati cacu."

Benshi bafata ko ayo matora ari nka kamarampaka ku mugambwe uri ku butegetsi, umukandida wawo Bola Tinubu ahabwa amahirwe menshi kubera impinduka yazanye mu budandaji i Lagos nk'umukuru w'intara hagati ya 1999-2007.

Tinubu yaragize igikorwa gikomeye mw'itorwa rya prezida Buhari mu 2015, ariko akaba yamenyesheje ko adashobora kubazwa ivyo reta ihari ubu yakoze.

Ariko kuri benshi, biragiye kurenzako uruhu rw'amazi ku ngorane zaranze iyi myaka umunani iheze, biza kunyurwa n'akajagari katewe n'izanwa ry'inoti nshasha mu ndwi nkeya ziheze.

Benshi barara hanze imbere y'imashini zitanga amahera n'amabanki, barindiriye kuronswa amanoti mashasha ya Naira asanzwe ari make muri ico gihugu abantu benshi basanzwe bakoresha inoti.

Abakandida batatu bakomeye muri Nigeria

Reta ivuga ko iryo hindurwa ry'inoti rizofasha kugabanya ibiciro, ikaba yanagirije amabanke kudasohora amahera, ariko benshi bibaza ko ico gikorwa gitumbereye abanye politike bafise uruhara mu kugura amajwi ku musi w'amatora, iyo politike ikaba ivugwako ibintu vyinshi.

Ivyo vyatumye hakwiragira ishavu n'imigumuko mu ntara zimwe zimwe, bikaba bizoba bikiri mu mitwe y'abatora benshi kuri uno musi wa gatandatu.

Umudereva wa taxi yari atondeye amahera ku mashini mw'izinga rya Victoria i Lagos agira ati: "Ushobora kwiyumvira ko APC itoba iriko iragerageza gutsinda aya matora."

Na Tinubu arafise ingorane yo kugondoza urwaruka bo mu tundi turere atavukamwo ko ari we akwiye kurongora ico gihugu kubera benshi bafise amakenga ku magara yiwe.

Yaragaragaye mu myiyamamazo aduga ingazi canke ahagaze barinze kumufata kandi rimwe na rimwe biragoye kwumva ivyo ariko aravuga.

Ariko arakunzwe cane mu karere ko mu bumanuko bushira uburengero bw'igihugu, aho benshi babona ivyo yaranguye i Lagos, aho yagwije kane amahera iyo ntara yinjiza anateza imbere n'inyubakwa, ko ari vyo Nigeria ikeneye ubu.

Rukayat Owolaranfe, arongoye isoko mu karere ka Balogun mw'izinga rya Lagos ahari ikibanza citiriwe Tinubu agira ati: "Afise ijisho ry'impano kandi akorana n'abantu bashobora gutuma ibintu biguma bitera imbere."

Ariko we n'umukandida wa PDP, yahoze ari icegera ca prezida Atiku Abubakar, w'imyaka 76, babonwa na benshi nk'abahoze mu burongozi bafise uruhara mu ngorane zihanze Nigeria.

Umugambwe PDP wamaze imyaka 16 uri ku butegetsi, rimwe rimwe amahera ya reta yarongerekana bivuye ku rudandazwa rw'igitoro.

Ariko hari igihe hari ukwagirizanya igiturire mu bintu vyose, bimwe muri vyo vyagirizwa Abubakar ubwiwe, ariko akaba abihakana.

Abubakar yahinduye imigambwe incuro nyinshi cane - ubu bubaye ubugira gatandatu agerageza kwitoza kuba prezida kuva mu 1993 - bituma urwaruka rwinshi rwibaza ibindi vyiyumviro bishasha azanye mu kwitoreza ico kibanza co hejuru.

Ariko, abayoboke biwe bamufata nk'umuntu w'inzobere mu vyo amatora. Nk'umukandida umwe rukumbi wo mu buraruko, azoshigikirwa na benshi muri ako karere. Yemeye ko hazoba ibihinduka bitoroshe bizoha iyindi sura igihugu.

Francis Ugwu wo mu ntara ya Rivers, yamye kuva kera atora PDP agira ati: "Abanye Nigeria barondera umucunguzi ariko ikibazo n'ico uburongozi kandi ntigishobora gutorerwa inyishu hatabaye ugukosora ibibazo nkoramutima."

Ariko kuri Blessing Ememumodak w'imyaka 19 buzoba bubaye ubwa mbere atora, Obi niwe icizere ca kazoza kiwe gahagazeko.

Uwo mwigeme agira ati: "Abantu bonyene batipfuriza ineza iki gihugu ni bo bazogisha aka karyo ko gutora Peter Obi. Imyaka umunani, eka mbere n'aho yoba imyaka ine urongowe na prezida mubi, ni igihe kirekire".

Amatora asa no guhangana hagati y'inguvu udashobora guhagarika hamwe n'ikintu kidashobora kuva aho kiri kuri kazoza ka Nigeria.

Uwuzotahukana intsinzi wese, bisa n'uko azoba ari intango y'igihe gishasha - aho urwaruka rwinshi rw'abanye Nigeria rutazosubira gusigazwa inyuma.