Swiss bemeje kubuza kwamamaza itabi inyuma cane y'ibihugu bibanyi

Aba-Swisse batoye bemeza kubuza kwamamaza itabi ahantu hose abakiri bato bashobora kubibona.

Mu vy'ukuri, kuba Ego ariyo yiganje muri ayo matora ya kamarampaka mu gihugu cose bizotuma kwamamaza itabi bicibwa burundu.

Ivyo bizotuma Swisse ija ku murongo w'ibindi bihugu bibanyi vy'i Buraya, vyinshi vyashitse ku ngingo zikomeye zibuza canke zigabanya kwamamaza itabi haraheze imyaka itari mike.

N'ubwo ari igihugu gisanzwe kizwi neza ku bijanye n'amagara meza n'ugukingira ibidukikije, Swisse yari igifise amwe mu mategeko yerekeye itabi yoroshe cane i Buraya.

Mu gihe haheze imyaka myinshi kunywera itabi mu nzu z'uburiro n'ubunywero vyari vyaraciwe mu Bwongereza, mu Bufaransa, canke mu Budagi, muri Swisse bari bakihanywera itabi.

Mu masoko ya kijambere (supermarches/supermartkets), abariko barasuma hari igihe bakirwa n'abagore bakiri bato babamwenyurira mu gihe babaha imponjo za gusa z'itabi riba riherutse gusohoka.

Mu gihe ivyo haheze imyaka bibujijwe, kwamamaza itabi vyari bikibandanya.

Ashima ivyavuye mu matora yo ku wa mungu, umushingamateka w'umu-social democrat Flavia Wasserfallen yakeje igikorwa c'amashirahamwe y'abaganga n'abigisha bakoze isekeza ryo guca ivyo kwamamaza itabi.

Yabwiye television ya Swisse ati: "Abantu barakoze cane kugira haboneke poritike yo gushira imbere ineza y'abakiri bato".

Kuki vyatevye?

Ingingo z'ishami rya ONU riraba amagara kw'isi OMS zijanye n'itabi - Framework Convention on Tobacco Control- zimaze imyaka hafi 20 zishitsweko mu gisagara ca Geneve.

Swisse yarazishizeko umukono, ariko ntiyari bwazemeze mu mategeko -kikaba arico gihugu ca Buraya co nyene cari gisigaye - kuko gushika habe amatora yo ku wa mungu, amategeko y'ico gihugu yerekeye kwamamaza, ntiyisunga izo ngingo.

Ugereranije no mu bindi bihugu vy'i Buraya, itabi muri Swisse rirazimbutse kandi 27% y'abantu bakuze muri ico gihugu baranywa itabi - urugero ruri hejuru y'urw'i Buraya muri rusangi.

Ni kenshi amategeko agamije kugabanya canke guca kwamamaza itabi yari amaze kunanirwa kurengana mu nama nshingamateka.

N'igihe abagira isekeza baba baronse imikono ikwiye yo gusaba ko haba amatora kamarampaka yo guca kwamamaza, reta yaca ibwira abanyagihugu gutora Oya.

Abashigikiye ko kwamamaza bicibwa, bavugako ivyo biterwa n'uko muri ico gihugu hariyo amwe mu ma kompanyi akomeye cane kw'isi mu rudandazwa rw'itabi.

Philip Morris, British American Tobacco na Japan Tobacco yose afise ivyicaro vyayo bikuru muri Swisse.

Urudandazwa rw'itabi bigereranywa ko rwinjiriza ubutunzi bwa Swisse amafaranga arenga miriyaridi 6 z'amadorari ku mwaka, rugakoresha abantu 11.000 muri ico gihugu.

Uruhara rw'ubucuruzi

Imbere y'uko amatora aba vyaragaragaye ko -nk'uko benshi bavyikeka - ko ama kompanyi y'itabi yahora asuka amafaranga mw'isekeza ryo gutora Oya.

Abagwanya ko hacibwa kwamamaza, bavuga ko kubuza kwamamaza ikintu cemewe n'amategeko bidakwiye kwemerwa, kandi ko ivyo vyokwugururira imyango ingingo ku bindi bicuruzwa, nk'isukari n'inzoga, navyo bibonwa nk'ibibangamira amagara y'abantu.

Ivyapa biriko zimwe mu mfungurwa aba-Swisse bakunda cane - vyerekanywe vyandiseko amajambo y'igabisha rikomeye ngo "ibi ni vyo bizoca bikurikira".

Ariko abitavye amatora ivyo ntaco vyababwiye.

Muri Swisse haharurwa abantu bashika 9.000 bapfa buri mwaka bahitanywe n'indwara zifatiye kw'itabi kandi igisata c'amagara y'abantu gisohora amafaranga menshi yo kuvura bene izo ndwara.

Biduza kandi amafaranga y'ubwishingizi, uwariwe wese ategerezwa gutanga, yaba anywa canke atanywa itabi.

Imbere y'uko amatora aba, ibiharuro vyo kugereranya amajwi vyerekana ko 60% bari gushigikira guca kwamamaza. Amaherezo babaye 56%, ariko n'ubundi bagumanye ubwiganze buhagije.

Stefanie de Borba wo nw'ishirahamwe rya Swisse ryo kurwanya cancer yabwiye AFP ati: "Abantu baratahuye ko amagara ahambaye kuruta inyungu z'ubutunzi."

Ubundi muri Swisse iyo abatora badatahura neza ico bahamagariwe gutora, baca bakurikiza impanuro ya reta.

Ku yandi mategeko abiri bari bahamagariwe kwerekana aho bahagaze co kimwe no kuri iryo ryo guca kwamamaza itabi, reta yari yabahanuye gutora Oya, yamara yaratsinzwe.

Ubu abagize reta bakeneye akanya ko kwisuzuma niba bakiri ku murongo umwe n'abatora.

Nk'uko umwe mu bandika uko babona ibintu aho muri Swisse yabivuze ku wa mungu: "Hageze guhitamwo hagati y'ubwigenge bw'ubutunzi n'amagara, abatora benshi bahisemwo ico ca nyuma…Haba uguca ukwamamaza, guca kunywa itabi canke itabi rizimvye, kunywa itabi ubu ntibigifise uruvugiro mu banyagihugu -bitandukanye no mu banyeporitike."