Covid-19: 'Natakaje akazi kanje kubera nticandagishije'

Danielle Thornton yari mu kibanza basanzwe barindiriramwo abanyeshure arindiriye abana biwe igihe amenya ko ategerezwa guhitamwo ingingo ishobora guhindura ubuzima bwiwe: kwicandagisha canke gutakaza akazi kiwe amazemwo imyaka hafi icenda muri banki ya Citigroup.

We n'umugabo wiwe bari bamaze amezi atari make bakurikirana ingene abakoresha bashiraho amategeko yo kwicandagisha, akaba yari azi neza ko umuryango wiwe ushobora guhura n'iki kibazo. Niho rero mu butumwa bwa email yaronse kuri terefone yiwe, yagiye abibona.

Ati: "Twaragize ibiganiro vyinshi, vyinshi kuri iki kibazo, ariko twafashe ingingo ntabanduka ko uburenganzira bwacu ari bwo buri hejuru gusumba amafaranga".

Danielle ni umwe mu bihumbi n'ibihumbi muri Amerika bahisemwo gutakaza akazi kabo hakwiteza incanco za covid-19.

Ariko ni inkehwa. Abakoresha hafi bose barafashe izi ngingo - hafi ica gatatu c'amakompanyi manini manini mu gihugu hamwe na 15% z'amakompanyi matomato - avuga ko benshi mu bakozi babo bayakurikije.

Muri Citi, yoyo isanzwe yarihanganiye abafise imvo zishingiye ku magara n'idini, abakozi bayo barenga 99% barakurikije ibisabwa n'iyo banki ifise abakozi bangana na 65.000.

Abahinga bavuga ko izi ncanco ata ngorane zifise kandi ko ari yo nzira yonyene yo kurwanya ubwandu, ariko ingingo zitegeka abantu kwicandagisha - ziboneka nk'inzira yo guhatira kwiteza izi ncanco ku banyamerika bangana na 25% bataricandagisha - ziriko zirarwanywa bikomeye mu gihugu cose, aho abatari bake babona ko ziriko zihonyanga ubwigenge bwabo.

Muri kuno kwezi, sentare nkuru y'igihugu yarahagaritse ingingo ya Perezida Joe Biden yategeka ko ubuzi bwose buhuriramwo n'imiburiburi abantu ijana ababukoramwo bategerezwa kwicandagisha canke bakambara udupfukamunwa hanyuma bakama bipimisha buri ndwi ku mafaranga yabo.

Abacamanza bo muri iyo sentare nkuru y'igihugu bavuze ko iyi ngingo ari "ihonyangwa rikomeye" ry'imibereho y'imiriyoni n'imiriyoni z'abakozi - maze bahagarika icizere c'uko hashobora kuba ingingo nk'izi mu gihugu cose zitegekanywa mu bihugu bimwe bimwe nk'Ubudagi.

N'aho amasentare ya Amerika yagiye yemerera amareta n'amakompanyi gufata ingingo nk'izi ku giti cayo, abazirwanya baracari benshi cane.

Abakozi hafi 55% barashigikiye ingingo zifatwa n'abakoresha babo zibategeka kwicandagisha, ariko abarenga ica gatatu babandanya baziyamiriza, nk'uko vyerekanwa n'icigwa cakozwe n'ikigo Gallup mu kwa cumi na kabiri.

Mu gisagara ca New York mu ci riheze, ibihumbi n'ibihumbi baragiye mu myiyerekano biyamiriza ingingo z'abarongoye intara zitegeka abakozi bo mu gisata c'ubuvuzi, abigisha hamwe n'abakozi ba reta kwicandagisha.

Iyi ngingo yafashwe igashika no mu gisata c'abigenga kuva ico gihe, yatumye abakozi bo muri ico gisagara baja mu karuhuko igihe yatangura gushirwa mu ngiro, mu gihe ibitaro vyo muri iyo ntara yose vyirukanye abakozi.

Donna Schmidt aba mu karere ka Long Island akaba yari amaze imyaka 30 akora nk'umuforoma afasha abibarutse ariko akaba yarahagaritse akazi kiwe kubera amategeko yo kwicandagisha avuga ati: "Si nemera ko reta ari yo ifise uburenganzira bwo gutegeka ku bintu biri hagati ya kiremwamuntu n'umuremyi wabo".

Uyu mupfasoni w'imyaka 52 avuga ko yakunda akazi kiwe ariko akaba aterekwa incanco ku mvo z'idini n'uburenganzira bwo kwihitiramwo ico ashatse we nyene ubwiwe. Ubu ariko yigira uwuharanira agateka ka zina muntu, akaba ariko ategura ishirahamwe New Yorkers Against Medical Mandates rihurikiyemwo abantu bangana na 26.000.

Avuga ati: "Nta guhigitanya kwabayeho. Ivyabaye biteye agahinda. Ni ukuri nditaho abarwayi banje, rero kwumva ikigo ca reta kimbwira kiti: 'nta kibanza ugifise hano' - ni ibintu bitoroshe.

Ubwigenge bwa muntu

Danielle, yari asanzwe akorera muhira i Missouri muri banki Citigroup, avuga ko atari umunyaporitike kandi ko atari "umuntu arwanya incanco".

Ariko uyu mukenyezi, nyina w'abana bane mbere yanduye Covid umwaka uheze imbere y'uko incanco zikwira hose, ntiyashatse guterwa urucanco, nk'uko we nyene abivuga, "rusa n'urutarwanya uwu mugera".

Umusi wa nyuma aherukirako gutonda hari ku wa 14 z'uku kwa mbere. Avuga ko ari igihamana yagize kuba ata kibazo c'amafaranga yagize inyuma yo guhagarika akazi kiwe ata migambi yari afise yo kurondera akandi kazi ubu.

Nta n'uko yigeze yiruhisha aja kurondera ko yogirirwa ubuntu ku mvo z'idini canke z'amagara.

Ati: "Nategerezwa kuronswa uburenganzira bwo kwihitiramwo, ariko gusa abantu biyumvira kwinshi...ni ihinduka rikomeye ku muryango wacu".

Kurokora ubuzima

Amakompanyi yafashe izi ngingo zo kwicandagisha yemeza ko aya mategeko ari yo yafashije kwumvisha abakozi kwicandagisha.

Mw'ihinguriro ry'imfungurwa Tyson Foods, abakozi bababa 60.000 - canke 40% b'abakozi baryo - baricandagishije inyuma y'aho rishingiye iyi ngino mu kwa munani, rivuga ko "ari co kintu nyaco conyene dushobora gukora kugira dukingire abakozi bacu".

Mw'ikompanyi y'indege United Airlines, umuyobozi nshingwabikorwa Scott Kirby avuga ko ingingo zafashwe na kompanyi yiwe zagabanije igitigiri c'abakozi baja mu bitaro, akavuga ko n'imiburiburi umuntu umwe buri ndwi yapfa imbere y'uko bafata izi ngingo.

Mu rwandiko yandikiye abakozi, yanditse ati: "N'aho nzi ko hari abantu gushika ubu batemera poritike yacu, United iriko irerekana ko gutegeka abantu kwicandagisha ari co kintu nyaco co gukora kuko urucanco rwararokoye ubuzima".

Hampande y'inyungu mu bijanye n'amagara, amakompanyi afise ayandi mategeko atoroshe ashingiye ku kazi n'amafaranga. Amafaranga yo kwivuza, akenshi usanga igice kimwe kirihwa n'umukoresha, ari hejuru ku bantu baticandagishije, kandi bisanga mu gihamana kibi co gutakza akazi kubera uburwayi.

Emily Dickens, umukuru w'igisata kijejwe ibibazo vya reta mw'ishirahamwe rishinzwe abakozi, Society for Human Resource Management, ryakoze icigwa rigasanga 75% y'abo ryabajije batari kwicandagisha canke ngo bame baja kwipimisha buri ndwi iyo ritaba itegeko rya reta, avuga ko amakompanyi afise impungenge ku ngaruka z'izi ngingo zitegeka abantu kwicandagisha hamwe n'ikena ry'abakozi muri iki gihugu gisanzwe gifise akahise gashingiye kw'isoko rikomeye ry'abakozi.

Muri rusangi, Abanyamerika bagera kuri 63% baramaze kwuzuza incanco, ugereranije na 84% mu Bwongereza (kuva ku myaka 12 kuduga) bamaze kwiteza incanco zibiri.