Coronavirus - USA: Barakajwe no guhagarika 'visas' ku banyeshuri b'abanyamahanga

Abanyapolitike n'abarimu ba za kaminuza banenze icyemezo cyo kwambura uruhushya (visa) rwo kuba muri Amerika abanyeshuri b'abanyamahanga bahiga ubu bari kwigira amasomo yose kuri internet kubera coronavirus.

Ibiro by'Amerika bishinzwe abinjira n'abasohoka (ICE) byavuze ko abo banyeshyuri bashobora gusubizwa mu bihugu byabo niba badahinduye bakajya muri kaminuza isaba ko umunyeshuri yiga ahibereye ubwe.

Hari kaminuza zo muri Amerika ziri kwiga ku kwimurira amasomo mu buryo bw'iyakure mu mwaka w'amashuri utaha mu kwirinda icyorezo cya coronavirus.

Ntabwo bizwi umubare w'abo ibyo bizagiraho ingaruka.

Gahunda ijyanye n'abanyeshuri yo muri ibyo biro by'abinjira n'abasohoka, yari yarashyizeho uburyo bwo gusonera kugira ngo abanyeshuri bafite amasomo asigaye yigishirizwa kuri internet muri iki gihe, bashobore kuguma muri Amerika.

Ariko iryo sonerwa ntabwo rizakomeza mu mwaka w'amashuri utaha.

Iki cyemezo kireba abanyeshuri bafite 'visas' zo mu byiciro bya F-1 na M-1, nkuko iryo tangazo ry'ibiro ICE ribivuga.

Icyo cyemezo cyatangajwe ejo ku wa kabiri, ari na bwo Kaminuza ya Harvard - imwe mu za mbere zikomeye ku isi - yatangaje ko imyigishirize y'amasomo yose izakorerwa kuri internet mu mwaka w'amashuri utaha.

Kaminuza ya Harvard yatangaje ko ibyo bireba n'umubare muto w'abanyeshuri bemerewe kuba mu macumbi y'iyo kaminuza.

Nkuko bitangazwa n'ikinyamakuru 'The Chronicle of Higher Education' gitangaza amakuru ajyanye na kaminuza n'amashuri makuru, 9% bya kaminuza zo muri Amerika zirateganya kwigishiriza amasomo yose kuri internet guhera mu mwaka w'amashuri utaha.

Icyo kinyamakuru cyongeraho ariko ko ibyo bishobora guhinduka mu mezi ari imbere.

'Birimo kwanga abanyamahanga'

Ibitangazamakuru byo muri Amerika byasubiyemo amagambo akubiye mu itangazo ryasohoye na Larry Bacow, Perezida wa Kaminuza ya Harvard, agira ati:

"Duhangayikishijwe bikomeye no kuba icyemezo cyafashwe uyu munsi [ejo ku wa kabiri] n'ibiro by'abinjira n'abasohoka gitegeka mu buryo butita ku mwihariko wa buri muntu kuri iki kibazo cy'urusobe".

"Ibi biratuma abanyeshuri b'abanyamahanga, by'umwihariko abigira ku rubuga rwa internet, bagira amahitamo macye, tutavuze nko kuva mu gihugu cyangwa guhindura amashuri bigagaho".

Bwana Bacow yongeyeho ko icyo cyemezo "kibangamiye uburyo burimo gutekereza neza bwakoreshejwe na za kaminuza nyinshi, zirimo na Harvard, mu izina ry'abanyeshuri, mu guteganya uko bakomeza amasomo hanazirikanwa ku ngorane ku buzima n'umutekano zitewe n'[iki] icyorezo".

Naho senateri Elizabeth Warren wo mu ishyaka ry'abademokarate yagize ati:

"Kwirukana muri Amerika abanyeshuri b'abanyamahanga muri iki gihe cy'icyorezo cyugarije isi kubera ko kaminuza bigaho zimuriye amasomo kuri internet mu rwego rwo kugira ngo bahane intera, bibabaje abanyeshuri".

"Ntibyumvikana, ni ubugome kandi birimo kwanga abanyamahanga".

Amagambo ya Madamu Warren yanakomojweho na Samantha Power wahoze ahagarariye Amerika muri ONU/UN.

Madamu Samantha yavuze ko icyo cyemezo "kitumvikana kandi kidashobotse kuri benshi mu banyeshuri ba kaminuza".

Umunyamakuru Elizabeth Spiers unigisha kuri Kaminuza ya New York yavuze ko abanyeshuri benshi be bakenera 'visa'.

Yavuze ko ubu bataba bagishoboye kwigira kuri internet kuko basubiye iwabo byabagora gukurikira amasomo kubera ikinyuranyo cy'isaha yo mu bihugu byabo n'iyo muri Amerika, ndetse no kubera izindi mpamvu.

'Nta gushyira mu gaciro na busa'

Noah Furlonge-Walker, umunyeshuri w'imyaka 20 ukomoka muri Trinidad, yari ari kwitegura gutangira umwaka we wa kabiri kuri Kaminuza ya Harvard ubwo yamenyaga iby'icyo cyemezo.

Mu kwezi kwa gatatu, uyu munyeshuri yari yasubiye iwabo muri Trinidad ubwo Kaminuza ya Harvard yafataga icyemezo ko amasomo agiye gukomereza kuri internet kugeza umwaka w'amashuri urangiye.

Bwana Furlonge-Walker - ukoresha 'visa' yo mu cyiciro cya F-1 - yabwiye BBC ati: "Nta gushyira mu gaciro na busa mbona muri iki cyemezo".

"Mu gihe nk'iki, aho buri muntu wese ari kugerageza kongera kubyutsa umutwe ngo asubire mu buzima busanzwe, kuki bakora ikintu gishyira mu kaga buri wese?"

Ni bande bashobora kugirwaho ingaruka?

Isesengura ry'umunyamakuru wa BBC Shruti Menon, w'ishami rya 'Reality Check'

Icyo cyemezo kireba ibyiciro bimwe bya 'visas' zitangwa ku banyeshuri biga muri Amerika. Imibare ya leta y'Amerika igaragaza ko mu mwaka ushize hatanzwe 'visas' zirenga 373,000 zo muri ibyo byiciro.

Muri uwo mwaka wa 2018-2019, muri Amerika hari abanyeshuri b'abanyamahanga barenga miliyoni imwe, nkuko bitangazwa n'ikigo cy'uburezi ku banyamahanga (IIE). Abo bangana hafi na 5.5% by'abanyeshuri bose mu gihugu.

Muri abo banyeshuri b'abanyamahanga bo mu mwaka ushize, hafi bitatu bya kane byabo ni abakomoka ku mugabane w'Aziya - Abashinwa bangana na 48% n'Abahinde bangana na 26%.

Ikigo IIE kivuga ko nkuko bigaragazwa n'imibare y'ibiro bishinzwe ubucuruzi bya leta y'Amerika, abanyeshuri b'abanyamahanga binjije mu bukungu bw'icyo gihugu miliyari 45 z'amadolari muri uwo mwaka.