Tens of thousands of civilians on both sides of the disputed border between Thailand and Cambodia are being evacuated in the wake of fresh clashes between the two countries.

This footage from Cambodia shows civilians moving out - many of them on tractors.

Image source, Getty Images

Cambodia's former prime minister Hun Sen has accused Thai "invaders" of using "all kinds of weapons... to pull [Cambodia] into retaliation".

In a Facebook post this morning, he accused Thailand of violating a ceasefire and the joint declaration of peace both sides signed in October.

"The red line for responding has already been set. I urge commanders at all levels to educate all officers and soldiers accordingly," Hun Sen said.

Meawhile Thailand has accused Cambodia of firing at its troops across the border and says that one of its soldiers have been killed.

Image source, Reuters

Thailand's Prime Minister Anutin Charnvirakul says his country "never wanted violence" but will "use necessary means to preserve its sovereignty".

At a news conference that ended minutes ago, he urged people to "believe in the government and the military’s [ability]" to manage the clashes.

Both sides have accused each other of triggering this latest round of clashes.

The Thai air force says the air strikes it carried out this morning only targeted military facilities in Cambodia, and avoiding civilian injuries was given the "highest priority".

The strikes are a response to Cambodia's military activities, which could threaten the Thai border area, the military says in its latest update.

“The airstrikes were highly precise and focused only on military targets near the frontline.

"It did not impact the civilians," Thai army spokesperson Winthai Suvaree said at a press briefing.

Videos on social media show Cambodian parents rushing to school to get their children after news of the air strikes as panic sets in along the border.

Both sides have accused each other of initiating the latest round of clashes.

Panisa Aemocha
BBC Thai

The conflict is a big challenge for children living near the border, who already lose out to pupils living in cities when preparing for university entrance exams, a Thai teacher tells the BBC.

"They're losing opportunities and they're losing precious time," says Siksaka Ponsuwan, a 24-year-old teacher in Surin Province, bordering Cambodia.

The armed conflict in July happened while the children were in the middle of exams, he recalls. In the aftermath, the school switched to online classes but not all students could access them - some only had one phone and no internet, while distributed iPads did not reach everyone.

"It wasn't 100%, the children didn't really learn," he says.

Thailand's education minister says that nearly 650 schools across five provinces have been ordered to shut for safety reasons in light of this latest outbreak of fighting.

The Thai military has released footage of what it says was a Cambodian mortar strike this morning.

Both sides have accused each other of firing heavy weaponry over the border, with deaths and injuries reported.

In the last few minutes, Cambodia has claimed Thai soldiers "opened fire" on villages in two regions, causing injuries and houses to burn down.

Tens of thousands of people in Thailand and Cambodia have been asked to evacuate as a new wave of fighting erupted between the South East Asian neighbours. Here are some images from the ground this morning.

Image source, Reuters

Image source, Reuters

Image source, Cambodia's Ministry of Information

Image source, Cambodia's Ministry of Information

Jonathan Head
BBC South East Asia correspondent

This is the most serious confrontation between Thailand and Cambodia since they signed a ceasefire in July, following five days of fighting which killed dozens of soldiers and civilians.

The South East Asian neighbours agreed to the ceasefire after pressure from US President Donald Trump, who claimed he ended the conflict. However, both countries have continued to accuse each other of violating it.

Tens of thousands of people in Thailand are once again being moved to temporary shelters, as the Thai military reports multiple rockets being fired from the Cambodian side this morning, a weapon which has not been used since a ceasefire was agreed in July.

A military spokesman said Thai air force jets have bombed Cambodian military positions after a Thai soldier was killed in an exchange of fire on the disputed border.

However, Cambodia's military accused the Thai army of opening fire first and insisted that Phnom Penh still stood by the peace agreement signed in October. Trump claimed a historic achievement in ending the border conflict at the time.

But despite a withdrawal of some heavy weapons, high levels of mistrust persisted. Thailand has accused Cambodia of continuing to lay landmines, which have injured several Thai soldiers. Cambodia is demanding the release of 18 soldiers captured by Thai forces in July.

Their historic differences over where the border lies remain unresolved.

Cambodian officials say three civilians have been injured in Oddar Meanchey, a border region in the north-west of the country.

The region's deputy governor says they were injured "in an attack by Thai military forces" and that a medical evacuation is under way.

Image source, Getty Images

Malaysian Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim says he's "deeply concerned" by the outbreak of fighting and calls for both sides to "exercise maximum restraint".

He writes on X: "The renewed fighting risks unravelling the careful work that has gone into stabilising relations between the two neighbours."

The Malaysian prime minister has previously been seen as an effective go-between in the conflict, and presided over the signing of a joint peace declaration between Thailand and Cambodia in October.

Last month, when Thailand unilaterally announced the suspension of that declaration following clashes, Malaysia offered to host new talks between the two parties.

Now Anwar is calling for a return to diplomacy, saying: "Our region cannot afford to see long-standing disputes slip into cycles of confrontation."

The Thai army has revised its death toll from the ongoing border clashes.

One soldier has died and eight other military personnel have been injured, a Thai army spokesperson has said at a press conference.

The Thai army said earlier that two soldiers were killed and four others were wounded.

The Thai Army says it has detected T-55 tanks in Samraong, Cambodia – a city just 20 kilometres from the disputed border.

Evacuation orders have been issued in Sa Kaeo, Thailand due to the ongoing clashes at the border. The town is located about 48km from the Thai-Cambodian border, and 200km east of Bangkok.

The Thai army has also accused Cambodia of using drones, firing machine guns and launching grenades at its troops on the border near Chong Kan Ma, Si Sa Ket Province.

It alleges that Cambodian troops are also firing BM-21 MLRS rockets – weapons that are typically fired in volleys from the back of an armoured vehicle – at multiple civilian areas in Ban Kruat, Buriram, a border village in northeastern Thailand.

Cambodia says it was Thailand that has been doing the firing, adding that it has not retaliated at all.

Here's a map to situate where the clashes between Thailand and Cambodia are happening.

On Sunday, Thailand reported a 35-minute armed clash with Cambodian troops in its north-eastern Si Sa Ket province. Later that day, it issued an evacuation order covering Si Sa Ket and three other border provinces - Buri Ram, Surin and Ubon Ratchathani.

On Monday, Thailand accused Cambodia of opening fire at a district in Ubon Ratchathani.

Also on Monday, Cambodia said Thai forces launched an attack on its troops in the border provinces of Preah Vihear and Oddar Meanchey.

Image source, Getty Images

In July, a sharp escalation of armed clashes at the Thai-Cambodian border left dozens dead - and the two countries agreed to a ceasefire days later.

That agreement which was brokered by Malaysia, came after US President Donald Trump called up Thai and Cambodian leaders and threatened to halt tariff negotiations with them unless the fighting stopped.

In October, Trump flew into the Asean summit in Malaysia to preside over the signing of a joint peace declaration.

"This is a momentous day for South East Asia," Trump said. "A monumental step."

But just two weeks after that ceremonial signing, Thailand said it would suspend the implementation of the agreement. This came came after two of its soldiers were injured in a landmine explosion near the Cambodian border.

Cambodia - which nominated Trump for a Nobel peace prize for his role in brokering the ceasefire - has kept insisting that it is committed to the deal.

Image source, Getty Images

Videos on social media show chaotic scenes at schools in Cambodia's border provinces this morning as parents rushed to take their children home after news of the air strikes broke.

Mech Dara, a former journalist who has won several awards for his reporting, has posted several clips, external of the frantic situation outside Cambodian schools.

"Families urgently come to pick up their kids from school after the explosion at border... How many times [do these] kids have to suffer the shocking environment?" he wrote on his X account.

In another update about an hour ago, he shared a picture of a boy, still in his school uniform, having some food in an underground bunker. "Why does the kid and his family have to eat their meal in the bunker...?" he wrote.

The BBC has not independently verified these clips.

The Royal Thai Army says it has destroyed a cable car that was built by Cambodia to transport weapons near the Thai-Cambodian border.

The cable car, located just a few hundred metres west of the ancient Khmer temple complex Ta Khwai Castle, was "completely destroyed" at about 09:20 on Monday, according to an X post by the Royal Thai Army's local news outlet.

"The army will protect the people and sovereignty with full force," the post reads.

The post also includes the hashtag #PeaceDoesNotExist

On Sunday, Thailand said , externalthat Cambodian soldiers had opened fire on Thai troops deployed to protect engineers working on a road improvement project in the border Si Sa Ket Province.

Thai forces then returned fire and the clash lasted for 15-20 minutes, killing two Thai soldiers, the Thai army said.

Cambodia denies this account, saying that it was the Thai military that had fired shots with guns and tanks towards Cambodian territory. Cambodian forces did not retaliate, its defence ministry said.

On Monday, the Thai army said that its troops had responded to Cambodian fire in Thailand’s Ubon Ratchathani Province.

But the Cambodian defence ministry said that it was Thai forces who launched attacks in Cambodia’s Preah Vihear province, adding that Cambodia did not retaliate during these attacks either.

Thailand has since announced that it has launched air strikes along the disputed border between the two sides.

Thailand has begun launching airstrikes at “military targets in several areas” to counter Cambodian attacks, its army said on Monday.

The strikes were prompted after at least two Thai soldiers died and four were injured in what Thailand says was an attack by Cambodian troops along its disputed border.

Cambodia has denied opening fire, and contends that Thai forces had attacked while Cambodian troops refrained from retaliating.

In July, a sharp escalation in the countries’ longstanding border conflict left more than 40 dead. The two countries agreed to a ceasefire days later and signed a joint declaration of peace in October.

Fresh tensions have simmered since Sunday - with the two countries trading blame for new attacks at the border.

We’re going to bring you more updates on the border situation. Stick with us for the latest developments.