Kofin Duniya na 2022: Wani irin abu Qatar ta yi wa ma’aikatan ginin filayen wasan?

A ranar Litini 21 ga watan Nuwamba ne za a fara gasar cin kofin kwallon kafa ta duniya wadda kuma za a kammala a ranar 18 ga watan Disambar 2022 a Qatar.

Gasar cin Kofin Duniya ce da tafi zama mai cike da ce-ce-ku-ce, tare da ayoyin tambaya game da yadda Qatar ta samu nasarar damar karbar bakuncin wasan, da yadda take gallaza wa masu aikin ginin filayen wasannin, da kuma ko shin wurin ya dace.

Gallaza wa ma'aikatan kasashen waje

Qatar na gina filayen wasanni bakwai da za a buga gasar wasannin karshe, a titunan sabon filin jirgin sama, da sabon layin jirgin kasa.

Za a buga wasan karshe a filin wasan, wanda kuma zai karbi bakuncin sauran wasaanni tara, wanda shi ne cibiyar sabon birnin.

Amma kasar ta janyo wa kanta suka kan yadda take yi wa leburori 'yan ci-rani da ke aiki a wadannan wurare.

A shekarar 2016, kungiyar kare hakkin bil adama ta Amnesty International ta zargi Qatar da amfani da tilasta aikin karfi. Ta ce ma'aikata da dama da ke zaune a yankunan marasa galihu na biyan kudade daukar aiki masu yawan gaske, kuma ana rike musu albashi tare da kwace musu fasfo.

Tun a shekarar 2017 gwamnati ta bullo da matakain kariya ga ma'aikata 'yan ci-rani daga aiki a cikin yanayin tsananin zafi, da rage tsawon lokutan aiki, da kuma inganta yanayin sansanonin ma'aikatan.

Amma kuma, kungyara kare hakkin biladama ta Human Rights Watch ta bayyana a rahotonta na shekarar 2021 cewa ma'aikatan kasashen waje har yanzu suna fama da wahalwalu na aikin tsawon sa'oi cikin tsanani''.

Amnesty International ta kuma ce suk da soke tsarin "kafala" - ko daukar nauyi - da ya haramta wa ma'aikata 'yan ci-rani daga barin ayyukansu ba tare da amincewar wadanda suke yi wa aikin ba, har yanzu ana ci gaba da yi wa ma'aikatan matsin lamba.

Wani mai magana da yawun gwamnati ya shaida wa BBC cewa an samu ci gaba wajen ayyukan tabbatar da yin garanbawul sosai. "Kuma yawan adadin kamfanonin da ke karya dokar sun ci gaba da raguwa a yayin da ake kara tsaurara dokokin."

Ma'aikata nawa ne suka mutu?

A watan Fabrairun shekarar 2021, jaridar Guardian ta ce ma'aikata 'yan ci-rani 6,500 ne daga kasashen Indiya, da Pakistan, da Nepal, da Bangladesh da kuma Sri Lanka sun ne suka mutu Qatar tun bayan da ta samu nasarar karbar bakuncin wasan kwallon kaf ana cin kofin duniya.

Mutuwar, wacce mahukunta suka bayar da rahoto a kasashe biyar na yankin Asiya, ba a saka su a tsarin sana'a ko kuma wuraren aiki ba.

Amma kuma kungiyar kare hakkin ma'aikata FairSquare ta bayyana cewa akwai yiwuwar cewa akasarin wadanda suka mutun sun yi ta aiki ne a matsayin leburori a wuraren ayyukan gune-ginen filayen wasan.

Gwamnatin Qatar ta bayyana cewa an yi kari a kan alkaluman saboda an hada da dubban 'yan kasashen waje da suka mutu bayan sun zauna tare da yin aiki na tsawon shekaru.

Qatar ta ce tsakanin shekarar 2014 da 2020, an samu mutuwar mutane 37 a cikin leburorin da ke aiki a gine-ginen cin kofin duniya. Ta kuma ce 34 daga ciki ba bai danganci aikin ba.''

Kungiyar Kwadago ta Duniya (ILO) ta ce Qatar bata lisasafa da mutuwar farar daya a tsakanin leburorin ba.

Ta ce ya kunshi ciwon bugun zuciya da gazawar numfashi da kuma bugun zafi fiye da na dangantaka da aikin.

Kungiyar ta ILO ta tattaea na ta alkaluman mace-macen daga asibitoci mallakar gwamnati da motocin daukar marasa lafiya a Qatar, da ke duba wadanda suka mutu ko jikkata daga duka ayyukan da ke da alaka da wasan cin kofin duniya.

Ta kuma ce ma'aikata 50 ne suka mutu kana sauran 500 suka samu mummunar jikkata a Qatar a shekarar 2021 kadai, kana karin wasu 37,000 suka samu kananan raunuka.

Manyan dalilan mutuwar da raunukan daga fadowa ne daga can sama, da hadarin mota da kuma fadowar wasu kayyaki.

Ta yaya Qatar ta samu karbar bakincin wasan cin Kofin Duniya?

Gasar Qatar na shekarar 2022 ya kasance cike da kace-nace tun bayan da hukumar kwallon kafa ta duniya Fifa ya sanar a shekarar 2010.

A matsayinta na karamar kasa (mai matukar arziki) amma da tarihin kwallon kafa kalilan, kana babu wasu abubuwan fadi game da ita na kasancewar cancanta ga Kofin Duniyar, da dama sun yi matukar mamaki lokacin da Qatar ta samu galabar samun karbar bakuncin a kan kasashen Amurka, da Australia, da Korea ta Kudu, da kuma Japan.

Matakin ya haifar da zarge-zargen cewa an bai wa jami'an Fifa cin hanci don su bai wa Qatar din bakincin wasan, duk da cewa wani bincike mai zaman kan sad aga bisani ya gano cewa babu wata cikakkiyar shaida game da haka.

Qatar ta musanta zarge-zargen, amma har yanzu binciken mahukuntan kasar Faransa kan cin hancin na cigaba da da gudana, kana a shekarar 2020 Amurka ta zargi jami'an Fifa uku da karbar cin hancin.

Me ya sa za a gudanar da gasar cin Kofin Duniya ta Qatar a lookacin hunturu?

Galibi ana gudanar da gasar cin Kofin Duniya a cikin watan Yuni da Yuli, amma a Qatar mafi karancin yanayi a wannan lokacin kusan ma'aunin 41C (106F) ne kuma zai iya kai wa 50C (122F) - mai tsananin zafin da ke da da hadarin kasnacewa a waje, ba ma ga batun gudanar da wasan kwallon kafa na akalla mintina 90.

Lokacin gasar neman karbar bakuncin, Qatar ta yi alkawarin saka na'urorin sanyaya wuri na zamani da za su sanyaya filayen wasan, da wuraren atisaye, da wuraren shan iskar fankoki.

Amma kuma a shekara 2015 hukumar Fifa ta sauki matakin gudanar da wasan a lokacin hunturu.