Abanya-Kenya baja gukoroza inda mu mavuriro yo mu kinyegero mu gihe amategeko adatomoye

Kuba amategeko adatomoye ku bijanye no gukorora inda muri Kenya bituma abagore baharurwa mu bihumbi bitura amavuriro yo mu kinyegero. Igisata ca BBC c'inkuru z'amatohoza yimbitse Africa Eye kiraraba ingene gukorora inda binyegejwe no kubonwa nabi hamwe no kuvugwako ibitari vyo.

Edith aryamye ku gitanda gishasheko impapuro z'ibinyamakuru bishaje mw'ivuriro ryo mu kinyegero i Nairobi.

Amaguru yiwe aradugije afatiye heju mu gihe umugabo yambaye itaburiya y'abaganga yera ariko arasigura ko agira ashire umuti mu gitereko ciwe. Hasi hari indobo itukura irimwo ibikoresho vyo kwa muganga.

Uwo mugore w'abana batatu, izina ryiwe ryahinduwe kugira umwidondoro wiwe ukingirwe, afise inda y'amezi ane kandi ashaka kuyikorora.

''Nategerezwa kuyikuramwo kuko nategerezwa gusubira gukora, kandi mfise uwundi mwana akiri muto cane,'' niko mu nyuma yabwiye BBC Africa Eye.

Gukorora inda n'ikintu kigoye cane muri Kenya.

Igitabo mpanavyaha, gifise amamuko mu gihe c'ubukoroni, kirahana gukorora inda, umugore abikoze akagirizwa icaha, co kimwe n'uwuyimukororeye hamwe n'uwuba atanze ibikoresho bikenewe mu kubikora.

Ariko, ibwirizwa shingiro ryo mu 2010, hamwe n'ayandi mategeko atandukanye, riremera gukorora inda iyo ''ubuzima canke amagara y'umuvyeyi ari mu kaga'' canke iyo iyo nda yavuye mu gusambanywa ku nguvu canke kuvyarana n'uwo kizira (uwo mufitaniye isano ry'amaraso).

Haheze imyaka mikeya Edith amenye ko afise umugera wa Sida. Umugabo bagendana, amaze kwanka ko nawe yipimisha, mu nyuma yahavuye amuheba.

Umunyamategeko yabwiye BBC ko kuvyara umwana ufise umugera wa Sida bisigura ko ''amagara yiwe ashobora kuba yogeramirwa''. Ibi, hamwe n'ibindi bituma vyinshi, bisigura ko Edith yari gushobora kwemererwa n'amategeko gukorora inda.

Ariko yabonye ko ata handi yoja atari muri iryo vuriro rikora mu kinyegero.

Ni abaganga bake bafasha gukorora inda mu buryo bwemewe n'amategeko bemera kuvuga ico kibazo ku mugaragaro.

Ifatwa ry'abantu bakomakomeye muri iyi myaka iheze ryatumye ''bibangama cane ku bakozi bo kwa muganga'', ku bwa mwigisha Joachim Osur, umuhinga mu bijanye n'irondoka kuri kaminuza ya Amref International University i Nairobi. Bivana n'ingene amategeko atahurwa.

''Bivanye n'ingene umucamanza atahura ico umuntu aba yakoze [mu gufasha gukorora inda] , bishobora kutaba icaha canke bikaba icaha,'' niko avuga.

Mu 2004, Muganga John Nyamu, hamwe n'abaforomakazi babiri, yarafashwe ahorwa urupfu rw'abana babiri bari bakiri mu nda, icaha cashobora kuvamwo igihano co gupfa.

Yamaze amezi cumi n'abiri apfungiwe mw'bohero rya Kamiti ricungerwa cane imbere y'uko sentare isanga ata caha kimwagira.

Ugushikuza kw'ibinyamakuru kuri iyo nkuru muri Kenya kwatumye hashingwa urunani rw'uburenganzira rw'amagara ajanye n'irondoka (Reproductive Health and Rights Alliance). Iryo shirahamwe niryo ryagiye imbere mw'itunganywa ry'ibiganiro vyatumye handikwa ibwirizwa shingiro ryo mu 2010, ari naryo ryabaye irya mbere muri kahise k'iki gihugu, ryashizeho, n'ubwo ari gato, akabero k'ugukorora inda mu buryo bwemewe n'amategeko.

Ariko, Muganga Nyamu, ubu afasha gukorora inda mu buryo bwizewe [budashira mu kaga] kandi bwemewe n'amategeko, yemera ko kuba amategeko adatomoye ku kibazo co gukorora inda bituma bigora cane abagore kuronka ababibafasha, no mu gihe bategerezwa kuba bobirekurirwa na cane cane mu bitaro vya reta.

''Gukorora inda mu buryo butizewe [bushobora gushira mu kaga] biragwiriye muri Kenya,'' niko avuga, agasanga abagore b'abakene ari bo bahamerererwa nabi gusumba mu gihe bidakorwa mu bitaro vya reta kuko hatagira amategeko atomoye. Baca bakorora inda mu buryo butizewe, navyo bigashobora kubakwegera ingorane z'amagara.

''Abaza bafise ingorane zatewe no gukorora inda, akenshi usanga ari abakiri bato... Abagore akenshi nibo babanza kwigeragereza ubwabo, canke bakabifashwa n'umuntu atavyize,'' nk'uko Muganga Nyamu abandanya avuga.

Ku bw'ikigo mpuzamakungu c'uburenganzira, Center for Reproductive Rights, hafi abagore n'abakobwa indwi barapfa buri munsi muri Kenya kubera gukorora inda mu buryo butizewe. Abandi ibihumbi baraja mu bitaro.

Mu bitaro bidacungerwa mu mategeko hafi ya Nairobi, umugabo abitwara akorora inda ku mashiringi (amafaranga ya Kenya) 2.500 (ni amafaranga y'Uburundi arenga 45.000).

''Harimwo abana b'abakobwa bakiri kw'i shure. Hari abandi baba basambanijwe ku nguvu.

''Baba ari abantu batari bavyiteguriye, bagaca barondera kuzivanamwo. Tubafasha kuko baba baje bashaka gufashwa. Baba bakeneye ubwo bufasha kuri twebwe.'' ni ko avuga, ariko adashaka ko umwidondoro wiwe umenyekana.

Hari amafaraga yongerako kugira amenye ingene ata, mu buryo bwabigenewe, uwo mwana aba amukuyemwo. Iyo uwo mugore adashoboye kuronka ayo mafaranga, uwo mugabo aca arondera uwo ariha akaja kumuta mu ruzi.

Abaharanira kurwanya ugukorora inda bari kumwe n'amashirahamwe y'amadini muri Kenya, menshi ashigikiwe n'abagwanya ugukorora inda muri Reta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, bashimika bavuga ko itegeko ritomoye: gukorora inda biteye kubiri n'amategeko.

Charles Kanjama, umukuru w'ishirahamwe ry'abanyamwuga b'abakristu muri Kenya (Kenya Christian Professionals Forum), arakunda kuvuga kenshi yiyamiriza ugukorora inda akanatunganya ibikorane i Nairobi.

''Kuri twebwe ntaho tubona hari ibihushane. Tubona ko [igitabo mpanavyaha n'ibwirizwa shingiro] bivuga rumwe. Sinshigikiye ko amategeko yacu asubirwamwo kugira havanwemwo icaha co gukorora inda,'' niko avuga.

Mu 2012, reta yarasohoye ingingo zo kwisunga ku bakozi bo kwa muganga yerekeye gukorora inda mu mategeko. Haheze umwaka izo ngingo zaciye zivanwaho, haca harahagarikwa n'inyigisho zijanye no kwitaho abakorora inda mu buryo bwizewe.

Ni uko bikimeze kandi ishirahamwe rya Kanjama rishaka ko ibintu biguma gutyo.

''Aho duhagaze ni uko gukorora inda, biba mu buryo bwizewe canke butizewe, ubwa mbere hoho, umwana uko bigenda kwose arapfa. Urumva ko ku mwana ata buryo bwizewe buhari. Hanyuma ubugira kabiri, ntushobora kwigisha abantu gukora ibintu biteye kubiri n'amategeko mu gihugu.''

Ariko hari abandi bantu benshi bafise ijambo muri Kenya batavyemera.

Umushingamateka Esther Passaris, uretse ko avugira uburenganzira bwo gukorora inda, ariko ageregeza ko hotezwa imbere inyigisho zijanye n'amagara ajanye n'imibonano mpuzabitsina hamwe n'irondoka.

''Ibwirizwa shingiro ryacu ryemera gukorora inda gusa iyo amagara y'umuvyeyi abangamiwe, kandi amagara si ku mubiri gusa, ajanye kandi n'ikibabarwe n'ubutunzi.

''Nibaza ko hageze ko twumva ukubabara guterwa no kutaronka ibijanye no gutandukanya imvyaro, kudaha umugore ubushobozi bwo kumenya ko adategerezwa kuba imashini yo gukora abana.''

Madame Passaris avuga ko mu gihe ibwirizwa shingiro ryo mu 2010 ryemeye ko gukorora inda bishobora kwemerwa n'amategeko mu bihe bimwe bimwe, asanga ubwoba bujanye n'ico kibazo bubuza abagore guhabwa ubufasha bwo kwa muganga, na cane cane abo mu bice vy'abantu bakenye kurusha abandi.

''Abatunze barafise amahirwe yo kujana abana babo mu bitaro bihanitse hanyuma bagakororerwa inda mu buryo bwizewe, mu gacerere, ata n'umwe abimenye canke ngo abivuge. Ariko abakene baracumukura,'' niko avuga.

Mu kwezi kwa gatatu mu 2022, Sentare y'Ikirenga ya Kenya yemeje ko gukorora inda ari uburenganzira ngenderwako hisunzwe ibwirizwa shingiro hanyuma ivuga ko ugufata abantu agasakisaki biteye kubiri n'amategeko, ariko nta vyinshi yakoze kugira ikure ubwoba mu bagore bamwe bamwe, nka Edith.

Dusubiye muri rya vuriro aho yagiye gukuzamwo inda, uwo mugabo, avuga ko ari umuganga yavyigiye avuga ko akorora inda 150 ku kwezi, yahejeje kumushiramwo umuti kugira inda ivemwo.

''Haca amasaha nk'ane canke atanu imbere y'uko umuti utangura gukora. Ariko mu nyuma, aca yumva amerewe nka kurya abavyeyi bamererwa iyo bariko baravyara,'' niko avuga.

Edith yabanje kwegeranya amashiringi 4.000 yo gukoroza inda. Ntiyari akwiye ariko iryo vuriro ryaremeye kumukororera inda ariko abanje kwemera ko ayandi azoyazana hanyuma.

Haheze indwi yakoroye inda, Edith yarasubiye kuvugana na BBC, avuga ingene vyari bimeze gukorora inda mw'ibanga.

''Nari jenyene n'ububabare bwinshi cane ku buryo naguma nseka ibihome. Naguma nibaza ibiriko birambako, niba ari umwana agira avuke. Navuga nti: 'Sinshaka gupfira muri ino nzu jenyene.'

''Ubikora ubabaye kuko nta kintu nk'ico uba witeze. Urakunda abana ariko uravye ubuzima uba urimwo, nta kundi urabikora.''