'Urupfu Ahantu Hose': Raporo nshya ya HRW ishinja M23 n'u Rwanda ibyaha byo mu ntambara muri DR Congo

Umuryango uharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu Human Rights Watch (HRW) washinje ingabo z'u Rwanda (RDF) n'umutwe w'inyeshyamba wa M23 urwanya ubutegetsi bwa Repubulika ya Demokarasi ya Congo (DRC) gukora ubwicanyi burimo ubugome bukabije, iyicarubozo no kwinjiza abantu mu gisirikare ku gahato mu burasirazuba bwa DRC.

Muri raporo yasohoye kuri uyu wa gatatu, HRW ivuga ko abasirikare b'Abanye-Congo n'abasivile b'Abanye-Congo bose hamwe babarirwa mu bihumbi – barimo n'abana bato kugeza ku myaka 12 – bafunzwe ndetse bafatwa mu buryo bushyira mu kaga ubuzima bwabo mu nkambi za rwihishwa.

Abarokotse bavuga ukuntu bafungiwe muri kasho zuzuye cyane, bagakoreshwa imirimo y'agahato, bakabona iyicwa ry'abantu huti huti ku byaha bito, abishwe bagahambwa mu mva rusange zinyuranye.

Umuvugizi wa M23 Lawrence Kanyuka yatangaje ku rubuga nkoranyambaga rwa X ko uyu mutwe wamaganye ukomeje iyo raporo "ibogamye cyane", "ihitamo bamwe, irimo ibitari ukuri kandi idahuye n'ukuri kw'ibibera ku rubuga".

Yongeyeho ati: "Ku yindi nshuro, uyu muryango uribanda hafi ya hose kuri AFC/M23, mu gihe ugabanya cyane cyangwa wirengagiza amahonyora akomeye cyane akorwa n'ingabo zishyize hamwe z'ubutegetsi bwa Kinshasa."

Kanyuka avuga ko ubwo buryo bw'imikorere bwa HRW butera kwibaza "ibibazo bikomeye ku kutabogama no ku kwizerwa kw'imyanzuro yayo" muri iyo raporo.

Minisitiri w'ububanyi n'amahanga w'u Rwanda Olivier Nduhungirehe yasubije BBC Gahuzamiryango mu butumwa bwo kuri WhatsApp ko leta y'u Rwanda idasubiza kuri raporo nk'izi za HRW. Yagize ati: "Ntacyo. Ntitujya dusubiza HRW."

DRC, Amerika n'inzobere za ONU bashinja u Rwanda gufasha umutwe wa M23 mu kuwuha imyitozo, abasirikare, amategeko, no kugenzura imikorere yawo, mu ntambara yongeye kubura mu mpera y'umwaka wa 2021, nubwo imaze imyaka hafi 30 ihagarara ikongera ikubura.

U Rwanda ruhakana ibyo birego, ruvuga ko rwashyizeho "ingamba z'ubwirinzi" kubera inkeke ku mutekano warwo ruvuga ko ziterwa n'umutwe w'inyeshyamba wa FDLR urwanya ubutegetsi bw'u Rwanda, ukorera mu burasirazuba bwa DRC.

HRW ivuga ko yavuganye n'abantu 102 bahoze bafunze, batorotse inkambi za Rumangabo na Tshanzu, barwaniraga M23, cyangwa nyuma bakishyikiriza ingabo za DRC, ababonye ihohoterwa, abo muri ONU, abo muri M23, mu gisirikare, mu butasi n'abo mu itangazamakuru.

Uyu muryango uvuga ko wavuganye imbonankubone n'abahoze bafunze wasanze muri Uganda no mu mijyi myinshi yo muri DRC ndetse n'abavuganye na wo kuri telefone bari mu turere tugenzurwa na M23, ndetse ugashingira no ku mafoto, za videwo n'amashusho y'icyogajuru byagenzuwe.

Raporo ya HRW yise "Death Was Everywhere", cyangwa "Urupfu rwari ruri ahantu hose", ugenekereje mu Kinyarwanda, ivuga ko ibikorwa by'ihohotera byiyongereye nyuma yuko M23 ifashe imijyi ya Goma na Bukavu mu ntangiriro y'umwaka wa 2025.

HRW ivuga ko nubwo ibikorwa bya gisirikare (operations) byo mu ntangiriro byabaga bigambiriye abasirikare n'abapolisi, umutwe wa M23 waguye ibikorwa ukajya ushimuta abasore n'abahungu ubakuye mu ngo, mu mashuri no mu nsengero, ukabakorera icengezamatwara ndetse ukabaha imyitozo ya gisirikare.

M23 ihakana ibi birego yivuye inyuma ndetse Kanyuka yavuze ko ibikorwa by'ubukangurambaga byayo ibikorera ku mugaragaro nta kubihisha kandi ko ubwo bukangurambaga bukorwa "ku bushake".

Muri raporo yayo, HRW yanzura ko uruhare rutaziguye rw'u Rwanda ruhuye n'igisobanuro cyo "kwigarurira [ahantu] mu ntambara" (cyangwa "belligerent occupation") kivugwa mu mategeko mpuzamahanga.

Abarokotse bavuga ko bamenye abasirikare b'u Rwanda bambaye imyenda y'akazi ibaranga bagenzuraga izo nkambi.

Inzobere mu mategeko, nka Daniel Levine-Spound wigisha kuri Kaminuza ya Harvard muri Amerika, ziburira ko abasirikare bakuru ba RDF bashobora kuburanishwa ku byaha byo mu ntambara n'ibyaha byibasira inyokomuntu bashinjwa, mu gihe inkiko mpuzamahanga zirimo kurushaho gukora amaperereza.

U Rwanda na M23 bagiye bahakana ibirego nk'ibyo.