Imana yarambonekeye insaba kuvugisha ukuri kuri Ntakirutimana – umutangabuhamya kuri jenoside

Iburanisha ku isubiramo ry'imikirize y'urubanza kuri jenoside yabaye mu Rwanda mu 1994 rwakatiwemo Gérard Ntakirutimana, ryakomeje i Arusha muri Tanzania ku munsi waryo wa kabiri, mu rugereko rwa IRMCT ruca imanza zasizwe n'urwari urukiko mpuzamahanga mpanabyaha rwashyiriweho u Rwanda (TPIR/ICTR).

Umutangabuhamya wiswe HH, w'umugabo, uvuga ko ari umuhinzi nubwo atakibikora kubera intege nke z'izabukuru, ku wa mbere yabwiye urukiko ko Imana yamubonekeye, ikamusaba kuvugisha ukuri ku byo yashinje Ntakirutimana mbere.

Abibajijwe n'umushinjacyaha yagize ati: "Ndabyemeza ijana ku ijana. Natanze ubuhamya bw'ibinyoma."

Ni ubuhamya bujyanye n'ibyo yashinje Gérard Ntakirutimana, avuga ko ari mu bayoboye ibitero byiciwemo Abatutsi muri Mata (4) na Gicurasi (5) mu mwaka wa 1994.

Ntakirutimana, w'imyaka 66, wakurikiye ubu buhamya kuri videwo, adafunze, ari muri Bénin, yahoze ari muganga ku bitaro by'abadivantisti b'umunsi wa karindwi byo ku Mugonero, mu yahoze ari perefegitura ya Kibuye, ubu biri mu karere ka Karongi, mu misozi yitegeye ikiyaga cya Kivu, mu burengerazuba bw'u Rwanda.

Nta jambo yahawe mu rukiko ndetse nta mbamutima yagaragaje mu nshuro yerekanywe mu mashusho.

Ubushinjacyaha bwabazaga HH (ibizwi nka 'cross-examination') ku mpamvu yamuteye gukuraho ubuhamya yatanze mbere kuri Ntakirutimana. Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko arimo kubeshya kuri iyi nshuro.

Ubushinjacyaha bwumvikanishije ko ibi HH abikora ku bw'amafaranga ya ruswa buvuga ko yahawe mu buryo bwo kuri telefone bwa 'mobile money' n'abo mu muryango wa Ntakirutimana kugira ngo amushinjure.

HH yabihakanye, avuga ko atigeze ahabwa amafaranga n'umuntu wo mu muryango wa Ntakirutimana. Yavuze ko ibi abikora ku bw'isezerano yagiranye n'Imana ubwo yari afunze by'igihe gito mu Rwanda.

Kuri uyu wa kabiri, umwe mu bunganira Ntakirutimana yavuze ko aboherereje ayo mafaranga HH nta sano bafitanye na Ntakirutimana, ko ayo ari indishyi zemejwe mbere mu rukiko Gacaca ku byasahuwe.

Mu kongera kubazwa n'ubwunganizi ('re-examination'), HH, utagaragajwe isura, yavuze ko hari abandi yagumishijeho ubuhamya bubashinja, nka Obed Ruzindana, wahamijwe na TIPR ibyaha bya jenoside.

Yavuze ko hari n'undi yabeshyeye, Matiyasi Ngirinshuti, avuga ko hari n'abandi yakwifuje gukuraho ubuhamya yatanze mbere bwo kubashinja kuko yababeshyeye.

Ubushinjacyaha bwashimangiye ko ubuhamya bwa HH bwo mu mwaka wa 2001 bushinja Ntakirutimana ari bwo bwo kwizerwa, kuko ubu bwo "bwuzuyemo ibinyoma".

Umushinjacyaha yasabye urukiko ko iri subiramo ry'imikirize y'urubanza riburizwamo. Yongeyeho ko mu gihe igihano Ntakirutimana amaze imyaka 20 yarakatiwe cyaba kiburijwemo, byaba ari "ukutubahiriza ubutabera" (cyangwa "miscarriage of justice").

Urubanza rwageze aha gute?

Muri Gashyantare (2) mu 2003, urugereko rwa mbere rw'iremezo rwa TPIR rwakatiye Ntakirutimana igihano cy'igifungo cy'imyaka 25, rumaze kwemeza ko ahamwa n'icyaha cya jenoside n'icy'ubuhotozi nk'icyaha cyibasiye inyokomuntu, nkuko bikubiye mu nyandiko ya IRMCT ijyanye n'amakuru kuri uru rubanza.

Mu Kuboza (12) mu mwaka wa 2004, urugereko rw'ubujurire rwa TPIR rwagumishijeho ibyemezo bihamya Ntakirutimana icyaha cya jenoside n'icy'ubuhotozi nk'icyaha cyibasiye inyokomuntu.

Rwanafashe ibindi byemezo bimuhamya icyaha cyo gushyigikira ikorwa rya jenoside n'icyo gushyigikira itsembatsemba nk'icyaha cyibasiye inyokomuntu, rugumishaho igifungo cy'imyaka 25 yakatiwe.

Muri Werurwe (3) mu mwaka wa 2014, Ntakirutimana yafunguwe mbere y'igihe.

Mu 2009, yoherejwe muri Bénin kurangirizayo igifungo cyari gisigaye, ari na ho yaje gufungurirwa mbere y'igihe mu mwaka wa 2014, amaze kurangiza kimwe cya kabiri cy'igifungo cye kandi yaragaragaje imyitwarire myiza muri gereza.

IRMCT ivuga ko mu Kuboza mu mwaka ushize, Ntakirutimana yatanze icyifuzo asaba ko ibyemezo byamuhamije ibyaha bivanwaho, avuga ko yabonye ibimenyetso bishya.

Muri Gicurasi mu 2024, IRMCT ivuga ko urugereko rw'ubujurire rwemeye, kuri bimwe, icyifuzo cya Ntakirutimana gisaba ko imikirize y'urubanza isubirwamo, ku byerekeranye n'ibivugwa ko umutangabuhamya ushinja wiswe HH yisubiyeho, akavuguruza ubuhamya yatanze muri TPIR mu rubanza rwo mu rugereko rw'iremezo.

HH ni we wari umutangabuhamya wenyine watanze ubuhamya ku byerekeranye n'igitero cyagabwe ku gasozi ka Gitwe, hafi y'ikigo cy'amashuri abanza cya Gitwe.

Icyo cyifuzo gisaba ko imikirize y'urubanza isubirwamo rero cyemewe gusa ku byerekeranye n'icyo kintu cyabaye, nkuko inyandiko y'urukiko ibivuga.

Se na we yakatiwe na TPIR

Gérard Ntakirutimana yafatiwe muri Côte d'Ivoire mu Kwakira (10) mu mwaka wa 1996, yoherezwa i Arusha mu kwezi kwakurikiyeho.

Ni umuhungu wa Elizaphan Ntakirutimana, wahoze ari pasiteri mukuru wo mu itorero ry'abadivantisti b'umunsi wa karindwi.

Elizaphan Ntakirutimana, wapfuye mu 2007 ku myaka 83 amaze kurangiza igihano cy'igifungo cy'imyaka 10, yabaye umunyedini wa mbere uhamijwe na TPIR icyaha cyo gushyigikira ikorwa rya jenoside n'icyo gushyigikira itsembatsemba nk'icyaha cyibasiye inyokomuntu.

Ibaruwa ivugwa ko uwo se yandikiwe na bamwe mu bo mu itorero rye bamusaba ngo abatabarize aho bari bahungiye muri jenoside kuko bari bamenye ko bari kwicwa ku munsi ukurikiyeho, yakuwemo interuro yashyizwe mu Cyongereza ihinduka umutwe w'igitabo cyamamaye ku isi cyegukanye n'ibihembo, cyatangajwe mu 1998, cyitwa 'We Wish to Inform You That Tomorrow We Will be Killed With Our Families' cy'umunyamakuru w'Umunyamerika Philip Gourevitch.

Nyuma yaho, mu nyandiko, bamwe mu banyamakuru n'inzobere muri politike bashinje Gourevitch kubogamira kuri FPR muri icyo gitabo no guha ishingiro ubwicanyi bwo kwihorera bamwe mu bari abasirikare bayo bashinjwa, ibyo we yahakanye.

Umucamanza uyoboye iburanisha yavuze ko rirangiye, umwanzuro w'urukiko ukaba uteganyijwe gutangazwa ku wa gatanu w'iki cyumweru.