France won the World Cup in 1998 and 2018 and have been tipped by many to go on and lift the trophy again on 19 July.
Before this quarter-final, former England striker Ian Wright described Didier Deschamps' side as "one of the most clear favourites for a World Cup tournament I have ever seen".
A match against Morocco, a rematch of the 2022 World Cup semi-final which France also won 2-0, was expected to be the toughest test so far.
Morocco, seventh in the world rankings, were frozen out though, registering their only shot on target in the 83rd minute when 2-0 down. They had only five attempts in total, four of those off target.
France's intent was shown early on when Mbappe had a 25-yard strike pushed wide, with Bounou then keeping out Dayot Upamecano's header from the following corner.
Dembele and Adrien Rabiot also missed opportunities, before Mbappe's weak penalty.
The striker had to wait more than three minutes before the spot-kick as the video assistant referee checked whether there was a foul, and Mbappe then stuttered in his run-up before his low shot to the right corner was easily saved.