The Israeli military says it struck Iran's air defences near the Caspian Sea in the north of the country on Sunday.

The Israeli Air Force says the aim of the strikes was to expand Israel's "air superiority" over Iran.

Israel says Iran's air defences were hidden in a forested area.

The Caspian Sea is the world's largest inland body of water, bordered by Iran, Russia, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan and Azerbaijan.

Turkey says Nato air defences have "neutralised" a ballistic missile that entered Turkish airspace.

In a statement posted on X, the country's defence ministry says the munition was "determined to have been launched from Iran".

It's the fourth time Turkey says it has intercepted missiles since the war began - with previous incidents on 4 March, 9 March and 13 March.

Image source, Reuters

G7 ministers say they "stand ready to take all necessary measures" to keep the energy market stable following the war in the Middle East.

Energy and finance ministers from the group held a virtual meeting on Monday, joined by central bank governors.

A statement released after the call says banks are "closely monitoring" the impact of energy prices on inflation.

It adds: "We stand ready to take all necessary measures in close co-ordination with our partners, including to preserve the stability and security of the energy market."

Vitaly Shevchenko
Chief analyst, BBC Monitoring

Image source, UAE Presidential Court

Ukraine's President Volodymyr Zelensky has said that his allies have asked him to halt at least some of the attacks on Russia's energy infrastructure amid the global fuel crisis.

Speaking after visiting a number of Gulf states, Zelensky said:

"We have received messages from some of our partners asking about how our response strikes against Russia's oil sector, the energy sector can be reduced."

"If Russia is ready not to strike Ukraine's energy, we'll respond by not attacking theirs," he told journalists in a voice message.

It is not clear which countries he may be referring to, but the US has eased some of the sanctions imposed on Russian oil in response to surging energy prices triggered by the war in Iran.

President Zelensky's comments come after a string of long-range strikes by Ukraine against Russia's energy sector, particularly a key oil export terminal at the port of Ust-Luga outside St Petersburg.

He was speaking after visiting Saudi Arabia, the UAE, Qatar and Jordan. His tour of the Middle East is now over and he is heading back to Kyiv.

Jordan is banning the use of air conditioning in government buildings as the conflict in the Gulf pushes up fuel prices.

In a directive reported by the state-run Jordan News Agency today, Prime Minister Jafar Hassan is also restricting the use of government vehicles and putting a two-month hold on international trips for official delegations and committees.

The government has previously acknowledged the impact that rising fuel and energy costs are having.

Correction 8 April 2026: This post has been amended to make clear that Jordan itself is not a Gulf state.

As Israel continues its attack on Hezbollah in Lebanon, and US-Israeli forces exchange fire with Iran, here are some pictures showing the aftermath of the strikes.

Image source, Getty Images

Image source, Getty Images

Image source, Reuters

Image source, Getty Images

Image source, Getty Images

More than 6,000 people have been taken to hospitals in Israel since the start of the war with Iran, according to the country's Ministry of Health.

The ministry says 121 patients are still receiving medical treatment - one is in a critical condition and 16 are considered to be serious.

In the past 24 hours, 232 casualties have arrived at hospitals across the country, the ministry adds.

Image source, Anadolu via Getty Images

Iran’s Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Esmail Baghaei has repeated that Iran has never sought, and is not seeking, nuclear weapons.

Speaking at a news briefing today, he says both parliament and the public are concerned about the benefits of being a member of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty. The treaty, entered into force in 1970, aims to stop the spread of nuclear weapons but allows countries the right to develop and research nuclear energy.

Baghaei says Iran is still committed to the treaty as it remains a member, but is questioning whether it can enjoy the rights it provides.

Iran has said it is not seeking to make nuclear weapons, but the US has accused it of doing otherwise.

Last year, International Atomic Energy Agency’s board of governors declared Iran in breach of its non-proliferation obligations for the first time in 20 years.

As we've mentioned, US President Donald Trump has warned that if a deal with Iran isn't reached soon, the US will target locations including Kharg Island.

But what is Kharg Island?

It is a small island 15 nautical miles (28km) off the coast of Iran. Ninety per cent of Iran's crude oil passes through a terminal on the island.

Taking the island would effectively cut the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps' economic lifeline, affecting its ability to conduct the war, says security analyst Mikey Kay.

This move could also choke off Iran's oil exports, give the US military a platform to launch attacks against the mainland, and be used as leverage to pressure Iran to keep the Strait of Hormuz open.

But a US operation would be difficult. A landing force would have to travel considerable distances, either by naval vessels or as part of an airborne force.

Iran has reinforced its defences on Kharg Island in recent weeks, including deploying more military personnel and air defences, sources told CNN.

• You can read more about Kharg Island here

Image source, Reuters/Google

No evidence of 'great progress' in US-Iran talkspublished at 14:50 BST 30 March

14:50 BST 30 March

Lyse Doucet
Chief international correspondent

Wars are unpredictable but there is still no proof of the “great progress” President Trump says the US is making in what is, so far, only indirect messaging with Tehran.

Iran has not formally replied to the 15-point plan shared with them by Pakistan. But leaked copies underscore it is tantamount to a surrender document.

Distrust runs very deep after the last two rounds of mainly indirect diplomacy, in February, and June last year, were shattered by US-Israeli air strikes.

Iran is making it clear it no longer wants to work through that channel, led by Trump’s special envoy Steve Witkoff, which it now sees as subterfuge.

That's why there's a lot of talk about US Vice-President JD Vance stepping in.

Official sources in the region say there is still no agreement to hold talks - no movement in closing very wide gaps. Trump’s description of a "new and more reasonable" regime is also belied by a system now militarised and dominated by hardliners who replaced assassinated clerics and commanders.

As the US moves toward possible escalation, that is Iran's main emphasis too.

Image source, EPA

Spain's government says its airspace is closed to US planes involved in attacks on Iran.

Defence Minister Margarita Robles tells reporters the government refused to "authorise either the use of military bases or the use of airspace for actions related to the war".

The ban on the use of military bases was announced in early March, prompting an angry reaction at the time from US President Donald Trump, who threatened trade retaliation against Spain.

Spanish Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez has described the US and Israeli attack on Iran as reckless and illegal.

Hundreds of US Special Forces personnel - including elite Navy Seals and Army Rangers - are now in the Middle East, according to the BBC's US partner CBS News.

Thousands of US marines and paratroopers are also in the region, CBS reports.

Sources tell CBS the deployments are intended to give Donald Trump alternative options in Iran, including operations that could involve opening the Strait of Hormuz, taking oil from Kharg Island or seizing Iran's stockpile of enriched uranium.

US Central Command (Centcom) declined to comment on this development.

On Saturday, Centcom said 3,500 sailors and marines had arrived aboard USS Tripoli in the Middle East.

Image source, Reuters

In an interview with Fox News on Monday, US Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent says the global oil market is well supplied "and we want to get back to the normal".

"The market is in deficit 10 to 12 million barrels a day, and we're making up for that deficit."

He says there will be freedom of navigation in the Strait of Hormuz, "whether it is through US escorts or a multinational escort".

You can see the situation in the Strait of Hormuz in our previous post.

Hormuz ship transits continue at sluggish pacepublished at 14:07 BST 30 March

14:07 BST 30 March

Image source, MarineTraffic

By Joshua Cheetham

Just three ships have transited the Strait of Hormuz today, according to maritime intelligence firm Kpler.

Before the US-Israel war with Iran began, almost 140 commercial ships passed through the strait each day, according to the Joint Maritime Information Centre.

All three ships broadcast they had "Chinese owner and crew" according to their publicly-available position broadcasts - showing some vessels are signalling their links to China in an attempt to pass safely.

Two of the vessels seen on tracking sites today are container ships owned by China Shipping Container Lines. The third is a bulk carrier owned by Pole Star Shipping Line.

The government in Tehran has effectively closed the narrow Strait of Hormuz since the start of the war in Iran, leading to spiking oil prices and concerns over the supply of some commodities.

On Sunday, US President Donald Trump said that Iran had agreed to allow some ships to sail through the strait. But it’s unclear which ships these are, who owns them, or where their cargoes are heading.

Diesel prices in the UK have reached their highest level since December 2022, while petrol has also hit a 28-month high.

Average petrol prices are now 152 pence a litre, with diesel at 181.2 pence.

RAC policy chief Simon Williams tells the BBC it now costs £10.55 more to fill up a typical petrol family car than it did at the start of the Iran conflict. For diesel cars, owners are paying £21.35 more.

The war in Iran and the situation in the Strait of Hormuz have pushed global fuel costs up sharply - with some countries bringing in measures to cut usage. Sri Lanka has introduced fuel rationing, while two Australian states have made public transport free to encourage people not to drive.

The Israel Defense Forces (IDF) says it has struck the Iranian Imam Hossein University in recent days.

In an update, the IDF says the university contained Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) infrastructure, and that research and development for weaponry was carried out there.

This comes after earlier strikes on the campus - on 7 March, the IDF gave a similar update saying it had struck the university.

The university is in Tehran and is affiliated with the IRGC.

Ghoncheh Habibiazad
Senior reporter, BBC Persian

It’s still very difficult to reach people inside Iran because of the government-imposed internet outage. Some manage to connect using Starlink satellites and other methods - but using or even possessing Starlink can lead to up to two years in prison in Iran.

I’ve been asking some of them what they think about Donald Trump talking about the possibility of seizing Kharg Island.

A man in his 30s who has visited the island before tells me: “Obviously I will not be happy, but I want to see what the Islamic Republic will do.

"They have been saying for years that they have a powerful navy, and I am sceptical.

"I think the US wants to put economic pressure on the regime by doing this.”

A woman in her 20s who wants the war to end says: “I am very worried and anxious about it. The most important thing is that it is part of Iran’s soil. I think it is going to put a lot of pressure on ordinary people if it happens.”

• BBC Persian is the Persian language service of BBC News, used by 24 million people around the world - the majority in Iran - despite being blocked and routinely jammed by Iranian authorities

Image source, Getty Images

US

US President Donald Trump says Washington is in "serious discussions" with a "new and more reasonable [Iranian] regime" to bring an end to military operations in Iran.

But he also warns that if a deal is not reached soon, the US will target electricity-generating plants, oil wells and Kharg Island.

Iran

Four days after Israeli forces said they had targeted Iran's naval commander Alireza Tangsiri, the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) has confirmed that Tangsiri was killed.

Supreme Leader Mojtaba Khamenei called Tangsiri "courageous". His funeral will be held tomorrow morning, according to Iranian state media.

Lebanon

Israel has launched air strikes in south Beirut, saying it was targeting Hezbollah's infrastructure. Pictures show destroyed buildings and debris, as rescue workers search for people in the affected area.

Israel

An Israel Defense Forces (IDF) soldier was killed while fighting in southern Lebanon on Sunday, the Israeli military says.

Iran launched missiles at northern Israel. The Israeli fire service says an industrial building and a fuel tanker in Haifa were hit by debris from an intercepted missile aimed at the Bazan oil refinery.

Image source, EPA

As we've reported, Donald Trump now says that "if the Hormuz Strait is not immediately 'Open for Business'", the US will be "blowing up and completely obliterating" assets including electricity and oil plants.

This isn't the first time he's posted something similar - the US president has been updating his deadline for Iran to open the Strait of Hormuz in various Truth Social posts. Here's a timeline:

21 March: Trump said he would "hit and obliterate [Iran's] various power plants, starting with the biggest ones first" if Iran didn't reopen the Strait of Hormuz within 48 hours.

23 March: He then said the two countries had had "very good and productive conversations". He said he would "postpone any and all military strikes against power plants and energy infrastructure" for five days.

27 March: Trump said he would pause attacking Iranian energy plants for 10 days, in response to what he called a request from the Iranian government, bringing the deadline to 6 April.

Today, he says the US is in "serious discussions" with a new Iranian regime which he says could "end our military operations in Iran". But if a deal is not "shortly reached", Trump says, the US will "conclude our lovely 'stay'".

The UAE says it has intercepted 11 missiles and 27 drones in the past 24 hours, according to its Ministry of Defence.

The ministry says it has engaged 1,941 drones and 440 missiles since the war began.

In a statement on social media, it adds that 178 people have been injured in attacks so far, with eight fatalities.

Meanwhile, Bahrain's Defence Force says it has intercepted eight missiles and seven drones in the past 24 hours - bringing its total to 182 missiles and 398 drones.

Since the start of the war, Iran has been targeting neighbouring countries where the US has a presence, in retaliation for US and Israeli strikes.