- 1745 23 Jul Bonnie Prince Charlie lands at Eriskay in the Hebrides, Scotland, to lay claim to the British throne.
- 1914 23 Jul Austria-Hungary delivers an ultimatum to Serbia, taking Europe to the brink of World War One.
- 1940 23 Jul Britain's 'Local Defence Volunteers' become the 'Home Guard' after Winston Churchill coins the name.
World War One Centenary
- Find out more about how the BBC is covering the World War One Centenary, and see the latest programmes and online content
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