Kayayyakin tarihi da aka gano na shekara 100 sun kara mana ilimi kan Fir'una Tutankhamun

Tutankhamun's gold mask pictured on a stand during the conservation process

Asalin hoton, Harry Burton/Griffith Institute, Oxford University

Bayanan hoto, Lulluɓin zinare na Tutankhamun da ake gani a nan, an lulluɓe shi da sinadarin paraffin wax da mai ɗaukar hoto Harry Burton ya yi saboda ya rage sheƙi
    • Marubuci, Daga Ijeoma Ndukwe
    • Sanya sunan wanda ya rubuta labari, BBC News
  • An wallafa

Kushewar wani Fir'aunan Masar mai suna Tutankhamun a Luxor na ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan tarihi da masu adana kayan tarihi suka yi a zamanin nan.

Wasu kayayyakin tarihi da aka baje a ɗakin karatu na Bodleian da ke Jami'ar Oxford, an yi bikin cika shekara 100 da gano su wanda wani mai adana kayan tarihi na Masar Howard Carter ya yi da kuma tawagarsa.

Hotunan da mai sana'ar ɗaukar hoto Harry Burton ya ɗauka masu walwali tare da rubutu, da tsare-tsare, da kundin bayanai na ɗakin tarihin Carter sun ƙara wa duniya ilimi kan gano ƙabarin, wanda shi ne sarki na farko da aka sani wanda aka yi wa cikakkiyar jana'iza a tsohuwar al'ummar Masar.

Kazalika, sun ƙalubalanci rawar da Carter ya taka da ta sa ake ganin kamar shi kaɗai ne gwarzo, inda suka nuna gudunmawar da wasu 'yan Masar suka bayar waɗanda ake mantawa da su a lokuta.

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An Egyptian boy models a jewelled necklace found in Tutankhamun's tomb

Asalin hoton, Harry Burton/Griffith Institute, Oxford University

Wani yaro ɗan Masar ya tallata wata sarƙa babba mai nauyi da aka ɗauko daga ƙabarin Tutankhamun, abin da ya alamta zamani da kuma tsohuwar Masar.

Daga baya mutane da dama sun dinga iƙirarin cewa su ne yaron, ciki har da Hussein Abd el-Rassul na Gurna, wanda ya taimaka wa tawagar carter - sai dai babu wanda aka tantance daga cikinsu.

Egyptian foremen and a boy dismantle a partition wall to open up Tutankhamun's burial chamber

Asalin hoton, Harry Burton/Griffith Institute, Oxford University

Wannan hoton na cikin waɗanda aka fi ba wa fifiko a wurin baje-kolin. Yana nuna mutum biyu da kuma wani yaro suna rushe wani bango don buɗe ƙabarin cikin natsuwa.

Carter ya ambaci ma'aikata 'yan Masar huɗu - Ahmed Gerigar, Gad Hassan, Hussein Abu Awad da Hussein Ahmed Said - sannan ya gode musu a aikin nasa.

Sai dai kuma ba zai yiwu a iya tantance su ba daga cikin hotunan da aka ɗauka.

Egyptian workers at the site in Luxor of Tutankhamun's tomb

Asalin hoton, Harry Burton/Griffith Institute, Oxford University

Dr Daniela Rosenow, wani mai adana kayan tarihi na Masar da aka tattara kayayyakin da shi, ya ce Carter ya ɗauki mutum sama da 50 aiki, amma kuma akwai wasu gwamman ma'aikatan, ciki har da yara a wurin.

Duk da cewa ba a bayyana sunayensu ba, Dr Rosenow ya ce binciken ya ƙalubalanci batun bajintar mutum ɗaya.

"Ta hanyar waɗannan hotunan, muna iya ganin gudunmawar ['yan Masar] mai muhimmanci da ta fayyace ƙarara cewa wannan labarin ɓangare ɗaya ne kawai".

Howard Carter, his assistant Arthur Callender and an unidentified Egyptian open the doors of a gilded shrine inside Tutankhamun's tomb

Asalin hoton, Harry Burton/Griffith Institute, Oxford University

Wannan na nunawa ƙarara hoton tawagar carter na buɗe ƙofofin kushewar. Carter ya durƙusa yayin da mai taimaka masa Arthur Callender da wani mutum da ba a bayyana ba ɗan Masar ke tsaye a kansa.

Garland of cornflowers and olives leaves on Tutankhamun's outer coffin

Asalin hoton, Harry Burton/Griffith Institute, Oxford University

British surgeon Douglas Derry makes the first incision into Tutankhamun's mummified body

Asalin hoton, Harry Burton/Griffith Institute, Oxford University

Wani likitan tiyata ɗan Birtaniya mai suna Douglas Derry ya fara tsaga jikin Tutankhamun lokacin wata "binciken likitoci" da aka fara ranar 11 ga wataan Nuwamban 1925.

Tutankhamun's gold mask

Asalin hoton, Harry Burton/Griffith Institute, Oxford University

Lulluɓin zinare da ake gani a jikin Tutankhamun da aka alkinta na cikin abubuwa mafiya kyau da aka gano a cikin ƙabarin.

Howard Carter's drawing of an Anubis statue

Asalin hoton, Harry Burton/Griffith Institute, Oxford University

Wani mutum-mutumin Anubis, abin bautar matattu, shi ne maudu'in wannan zanen da Carter ya zaɓa, wanda ya ƙunshi bayanai da gwaje-gwaje.

A storeroom known as the Treasury, inside Tutankhamun's tomb

Asalin hoton, Harry Burton/Griffith Institute, Oxford University

Carter ya kira ɗakin ajiye kayayyaki da ke gabashin farfajiyar ƙabarin da suna "Ma'adana".

A wannan hoton, Burton ya yi amfani da haske don ya ƙirƙiri wani yanayi da gangan don ya nuna kushewar abin bauta Anubis.

Dukkan hotunan na da haƙƙin mallaka.