Byo kwibeshya 'emails' z'igisirikare cy'Amerika zohererejwe inshuti y'Uburusiya

Ubutumwa bwa 'email' bw'igisirikare cy'Amerika bubarirwa mu bihumbi, byo kwibeshya bwohererejwe Mali, inshuti y'Uburusiya, kubera ikosa rito mu myandikire.

Izo 'emails' zari zigenewe aderesi (domain) y'igisirikare cy'Amerika ya ".mil", zimaze imyaka zohererezwa icyo gihugu cyo muri Afurika y'uburengerazuba giherwa na ".ml" mu mwirondoro wacyo wo mu ikoranabuhanga.

Amakuru avuga ko bumwe muri ubwo butumwa bwa 'email' bwari burimo amakuru akomeye nk'amagambo y'ibanga (passwords), amakuru ajyanye n'ubuzima bwite ndetse n'inzira abasirikare bakuru banyuramo.

Ibiro bikuru by'ingabo z'Amerika, Pentagon, bivuga ko byafashe ingamba zo gucyemura icyo kibazo.

Nkuko byatangajwe n'ikinyamakuru the Financial Times cyo mu Bwongereza, cyatangaje iyi nkuru bwa mbere, rwiyemezamirimo mu bya internet w'Umuholandi Johannes Zuurbier ni we watahuye iki kibazo mu myaka irenga 10 ishize.

Kuva mu mwaka wa 2013, yari afite kontaro yo kugenzura aderesi yo mu ikoranabuhanga ya Mali, izwi nka 'domain', nuko, mu mezi ya vuba aha ashize, amakuru avuga ko yakusanyije 'emails' zibarirwa mu bihumbi za mirongo zoherejwe aho zitari zigenewe koherezwa.

Nta n'imwe muri izo 'emails' yari yanditseho ko ari ibanga ariko, nkuko icyo kinyamakuru kibitangaza, zari zirimo nk'amakuru ajyanye no kwa muganga, amakarita agaragaza ibigo bya gisirikare by'Amerika, amakuru ku bijyanye n'umutungo w'amafaranga ndetse n'inyandiko zikubiyemo amakuru ku itegurwa ry'ingendo z'abategetsi hamwe n'ubutumwa bumwe bw'abadiplomate.

Zuurbier yandikiye ibaruwa abategetsi bo muri Amerika muri uku kwezi abamenyesha icyo kibazo. Yavuze ko kontaro ye na leta ya Mali yitezwe kurangira vuba aha, bivuze ko "ibyago ni ibya nyabyo kandi bishobora kungukirwamo n'abanzi b'Amerika".

Ku wa mbere leta ya gisirikare iri ku butegetsi muri Mali yari yitezwe kuba ari yo isigara igenzura iyo 'domain'.

BBC yagerageje kuvugana na Zuurbier ariko ntibyashobotse.

Ubutumwa bwo mu gisirikare cy'Amerika bwanditseho "ibanga" hamwe n'"ibanga rikomeye", bwoherezwa hakoreshejwe ubundi buryo bwo mu ikoranabuhanga, bigatuma bidashoboka ko by'impanuka bwabonwa n'abo butagenewe, nkuko bivugwa na bamwe mu bategetsi bo muri Amerika n'abahoze ari abategetsi bo muri Amerika.

Ariko Steven Stransky, umunyamategeko mbere wakoze nk'umwunganizi mukuru mu ishami ry'amategeko y'ubutasi muri minisiteri y'umutekano w'igihugu y'Amerika, yavuze ko n'amakuru asa nkaho nta byago ateje ashobora kuba ingirakamaro ku banzi b'Amerika, by'umwihariko iyo arimo amakuru yihariye ku bakozi runaka.

Stransky yagize ati: "Ubutumwa nk'ubwo bwaba buvuze ko igihugu cy'amahanga gishobora gutangira gukusanya amakuru ku basirikare bacu, hagamijwe ubutasi, cyangwa gishobora kugerageza gutuma bahishura amakuru y'ibanga kugira ngo kibahe amafaranga.

"Ni amakuru rwose guverinoma y'amahanga ishobora gukoresha".

Lee McKnight, umwarimu wigisha ibijyanye n'amakuru yo mu ikoranabuhanga kuri Kaminuza ya Syracuse University yo muri Amerika, yavuze ko yemera ko igisirikare cy'Amerika cyagize amahirwe kuba cyamenyeshejwe iki kibazo kandi 'emails' zikaba zajyaga kuri 'domain' ikoreshwa na leta ya Mali, aho kujya ku bagizi ba nabi bo mu ikoranabuhanga.

Yongeyeho ko icyaha cyo mu ikoranabuhanga cyibasira abarikoresha bibeshye mu kwandika 'domain' yo kuri internet, kizwi nka "typo-squatting", gisanzwe kibaho.

Ati: "[Abagizi ba nabi bo mu ikoranabuhanga] Baba bizera ko umuntu azakora ikosa, ubundi bagashobora kumushuka no kumukoresha ibintu by'ubucucu".

Ubwo yari abajijwe na BBC, umuvugizi yavuze ko minisiteri y'ingabo z'Amerika izi iki kibazo kandi ko kirimo kwitabwaho mu buryo bukomeye.

Uwo muvugizi yavuze ko bafashe ingamba zo gutuma 'emails' zo kuri 'domain' ya ".mil" zitoherezwa kuri 'domains' zitari zo, harimo nko kuziburizamo (blocking) mbere yuko zoherezwa ndetse no kumenyesha abazohereje ko bagomba kwemeza ko abo zigenewe ari aba nyabo.

McKnight na Stransky bombi bavuze ko amakosa yo kwibeshya kwa muntu ari cyo kintu cya mbere giteye impungenge nyinshi inzobere mu makuru yo mu ikoranabuhanga zikora muri leta cyo kimwe n'izikora mu nzego zitari iza leta.

Stransky ati: "Ikosa rya muntu ni yo mpungenge ya mbere ikomeye ya buri munsi.

"Ikiriho ni uko tudashobora kugenzura buri muntu wese, buri gihe".