France: Kwanka iduzwa ry'imyaka y'ikiruhuko c'izabukuru kwahagaritse akazi

Umugambi w’impinduka prezida Macron ashaka gukora  uri mu gihe ‘c’ugupfa canke ugukira’, mu gihe amashirahamwe y’abakozi yahagaritse akazi akanatunganya imyiyerekano yo kwiyamiriza umugambi wo kuduza imyaka yo gufatirako ikiruhuko c’izabukuru.

Integuro nshasha yimirije kurungikwa mu nama nshingamateka izoduza imyaka yo gufatirako ikuruhuko c’izabukuru mu kazi ive kuri 62 ije kuri 64.

Igisata co kwunguruza abantu cakozweko cane, amashure menshi nayo arugaye.

Abantu bitavye ku bwinshi mu bibanza birenga 200 vyabereyemwo imyiyirekano mu gihugu cose. Iyikomeye cane yitezwe kubera ku murwa mukuru Paris.

Amasendika manini manini yari yitezwe  kwihereza amabarabara kuva kuri Place de la République inyuma y’umutaga.

Abantu ibihumbi n’ibihumbi bihereje amabarabara mu gitondo mu bisagara  nka Nantes, Lyon, Bordeaux, Marseille na Toulouse. Mu gihe abadereva b’amatereni, abakozi ba reta n’abo mu mahinguriro ayungurura igitoro basivye ku kazi.

Ku mabarabara amwe amwe y’itereni, imwe kuri  10 niyo yakora, mu gihe mu matereni ko mu  kuzimu hakora imparurwa.  Sendika nkuru yo mu mashure yisunbuye yavuze ko 65% y’abigisha bahagaritse akazi, n’ubwo ubushikiranganji bw’indero buvuga ko ari 35% gusa,

Philippe Martinez,  umukuru wa sendika CGT yiteze ko abantu barenga umuriyoni aribo bari kwihereza amabarabara. Igiporisi cari cagomowe ku bwinshi i Paris mu gihe hoba intureka z’abacengetereye bo mu biyita ‘bloc noir’ b’ingendo ikaze mu ruhande rw’aba socialiste.

Muri izo nteguro zasiguwe muri uku kwezi n’umushikiranganji wa mbere Élisabeth Borne, kuva mu 2027 abantu bazohora bakora imyaka 43 kugira bemerwe kuronka agahembo k’izabukuru (pension) kuzuye, gushika ubu iyo myaka ikaba yari 42.

Mu gihe reta ishimagiza iyo ngingo nka nkoramutima kugira iringanizwa ry’amafaranga y’izabukuru igume itunganye neza mu Bufaransa, iyo mpinduka yanswe cane mu banyagihugu aho 68% bavuga ko batayerekwa, ku bw'ibiharuro vyo kugereranya vya  IFOP vyo ku ndwi iheze.

Amasendika y’igihugu cose -harimwo n’ayitwa ko ari ay’impinduka reta yari yizeye ko azoyishigikira – yose yiyamirije iyo  ngingo, nk’uko yiyamirijwe kandi n’impande zitavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi muri ‘extreme gauche no muri ‘extreme droite’ mu nama nshingamateka.

Prezida Emmanuel Macron yari mu rugendo muri Espagne ku wa kane , ariko umushikiranganji ajejwe akazi Olivier Dussopt yagabishije ko bamwe mu bateye kubiri n’uwo mugambi bakoresha ico kibazo mu gukwiragiza ‘’amakuru y’ibinyoma’’ kugira bagendere ku bwoba bw’abantu.

Kubera umugambwe wiwe wa Renaissance udafise ubwiganze mu nama nshingamateka, prezida Macron azotegerezwa kuzera bashingametaka 60 canke barenga bo mu mugambwe w’aba Republicains. N’ubwo ku bisanzwe bumva impinduka zerekeye ikiruhuko c’izabukuru, nabo nyene bamwe muri bo bavuze ko bashobora gutora bayanka.

Mu gihe igikorwa co  mu nama nshingamateka kizomara iminsi itari mike, Macron ahanzwe n’uko ukuterekwa iyo ngingo kuzob uruhererekane, bikaba vyitezwe ko hashobora kuba iyindi minsi y’imyiyerekano.

Aho bishobora kuba  bibi ni mu gihe guhagarika akazi vyoba uruhererekane mu gutwara abantu n’ibintu, ibitaro n’ububiko bw’ibitoro – kuko ubuzima mu gihugu bwoca buhagarara.

Abasesenguzi bemera ko icuka mu gihugu kigoye kupima, ko bidashoboka kutegekanya niba urugero rw’iyo myirekano n’iryo hagarikwa ry’akazi bihagije kugira bihatire umukuru w’igihugu guheba umugambi wiwe.  Ivyo bibaye, vyoca bituma ata gusubira kwitega impinduka zikomeye muri iki kiringo, ica kabiri ciwe.

Ikibazo gihagaze he?

Mu bufaransa ni abakozi bake bafise indanginizo z’ingene bategekanya ku giti cabo amafaranga bazoronka bageze mu zabukuru biciye mu kuyashira mu mitahe (aho acuruzwa akaguma yunguka).

Umushikiranganji wa mbere asigura ko gukoresha abantu imyaka myinshi ari ukugira habe uguterana intege hagati y’ingero zitandukanye z’urunganwe mu myaka.

Mu Bufaransa, amafaranga ahabwa abari mu kiruhuko c’izabukuru ava mw’isandugu yo gutegekaniriza abakozi, ya sandugu nyene n’abakiriko barakora baguma batereramwo amafaranga buri kwezi. Abakozi barazi ko bazoronka nk’ayo amamaze kugenda baronka igihe nabo bazoshikirwa.

Ariko reta ivuga ko iyo ndinganizo iriko iraja mu kaga  kuko urugero rw’abaja mu zabukuru ruguma rwiyongera kurusha urw’abakiri mu kazi.

Mu myaka 50 iheze, hari abakozi bane ku muntu umwe ari mu kiruhuko c’izabukuru, ubu ni  1,7  ku  muntu umwe ari mu kiruhuko c’izabukuru. Kandi mu myaka ikurikira ho bizokwunyuka kurusha aho.

Kandi n’ibindi bihugu vya Buraya biramaze gutera intambwe mu kuduza imyaka yo gufata ikiruhuko c’iza bukuru, aho nk’akarorero, Ubutaliyano n’Ubudagi  ari imyaka 67, Espagne nayo 65. Mu Bwongereza ubu ni 66.