CNL Burundi: Rwasa yatswe umugambwe, ivyiwe vyoba bigiye birangira?

Mu kiringo c’imyaka irenga 23 yari amaze arongoye Abanamarimwe, mu nyuma bahindutse Inyankamugayo, Agathon Rwasa yagumye ahangana n’abagerageza kumukura ku burongozi. Yaratswe umugambwe, ariko akagumana abanywanyi bamwiyumvamwo.

Inyuma yo kuva mu matora ya 2010 avuga ko yarimwo ubusuma, Agathon Rwasa yaciye akurwa ku burongozi bwa FNL na Emmanuel Miburo afatanije na Jacques Bigirimana. Ariko basa n'abatwaye izina ryonyene kuko abanywanyi benshi bagumye inyuma ya Rwasa.

Vyagaragaye mu 2018 aho Rwasa ashingiye umugambwe mushasha CNL (Congrès National pour la Liberté). Wagiye mu matora yo mu 2020 umaze umwaka umwe wemewe mu mategeko, ariko urusha amajwi uwo bari bamwatse n'iyindi yari imaze imyaka myinshi iri ku rubuga rwa poritike.

None Rwasa yaraye asubiye kuvanwa ku burongozi bw'umugambwe.

Inyuma y’imyaka itandatu CNL ishinzwe, Nestor Girukwishaka, inararibonye kuva mu muhari PALIPEHUTU ari nawo nkomoko y’umugambwe CNL, yasubiriye Agathon Rwasa.

Yatowe mw’ikoraniro kaminuza ridasanzwe ryabaye ku tariki 10 Ntwarante (3), ryabaye haheze umwaka urenga ibikorwa vy'uwo mugambwe bisa n'ivyadindiye bivuye ku cuka kibi co kutumvikana hagati y'indongozi z'uwo mugambwe.

Inyuma ya zuguru zuguru zari zimaze amezi arenga 15, ubu umugambwe CNL uramutswa inzego nshasha.

Rwasa avuga ko iryo koraniro ritakurikije amategeko agenga umugambwe, ariko ivyarivuyemwo vyemejwe ku wa 18 Ntwarante n’ubushikiranganji bw’intwaro yo hagati, iterambere rusangi n’umutekano, ari na bwo bujejwe imigambwe mu gihugu.

None bizogenda uko vyagenze nka mbere?

Kahise ka Agathon Rwasa muri poritike y’Uburundi gahera mu 1988. Ico gihe yiga kuri kaminuza y’Uburundi, aca ahunga intureka zizwi nka ‘Ntega na Marangara’ amakomine y’intara za Kirundo na Ngozi yabayemwo ubwicanyi bushingiye ku moko y’Abahutu n'Abatutsi.

Ashitse muri Tanzania, yinjiye mu muhari PALIPEHUTU washinzwe mu 1980 na Gahutu Remy, izina rizwi cane mu Burundi nk'umwe mu batanguje urugamba rwo guhabuza agateka k'Abahutu.

Rwasa yinjiye mw’ishami rya gisirikare rya PALIPEHUTU, ari ryo FNL (Forces Nationales de Libération).

Inyuma y’urupfu rwa Gahutu Remy muri Myandagaro 1990, PALIPEHUTU ntiyorohewe kuko yaciye itangura kuja mu ngorane z’uburongozi be n’indyane imbere muri yo, zatumye igenda yicamwo amababa

Aya mababa yatanguye kwibonekeza inyuma y’aho mu 1992 Kabura Cossani ageragereje kubogoza Dr Etienne Karatasi yari yasubiriye Gahutu Remy, maze haca haba igice kimwe cagumye kiyoboka Dr Karatasi, abandi nabo bashigikira impinduka z’ico gihe bakurikira Kabura Cossani.

Mu 2001, mu gihe Agathon Rwasa ari we yari arongoye abagwanyi ba PALIPEHUTU-FNL mu karere k’uburengero bw’Uburundi, na we yatembagaje Kabura Cossani, maze aca afata umuhari mu minwe.

N’aho nyene hari habaye ukwigabura gushasha kuko bamwe babandanije bari inyuma ya Kabura Cossani, abandi nabo bakurikira Rwasa.

Mu nyuma, amazina nka Alain Mugabarabona na Jean-Bosco Sindayigaya batazira Gatayeri, ni abandi baciye mu makanda ya Gahutu Remy, inyuma yo kugerageza kubogoza Rwasa.

N’aho ayandi mashami ya Palipehutu yagumyeho, kuva ico gihe Agathon Rwasa niwe yatahiye irifise inguvu kurusha ayandi, ari naryo mu nyuma ryahavuye rivamwo umugambwe wa poritike, FNL.

Kutajana n’ibihe

Hagati aho, Rwasa ntiyerekwa ibiganiro vy’amahoro wari watangujwe na Julius Nyerere yahoze arongoye Tanzania, mu ntumbero yo gutorera umuti indyane z’amoko na poritike zari zimaze imyaka zizingamitse Uburundi zigasongwa n’intambara yadutse inyuma y’igandagurwa rya Perezida Melchior Ndadaye muri Gitugutu (10) 1993. Ivyo biganiro vyarimwo imigambwe n’inmihari yagwanya ubutegetsi ico gihe.

Ivyo biganiro vyashikanye ku masezerano y’amahoro - yinjiye mu mateka y’Uburundi nk’Amasezerano y’Amahoro ya Arusha - yateweko igikumu muri Myandagaro 2000.

Ariko mu mihari yagwana, iyikomeye nka CNDD-FDD na Palipehutu FNL ya Rwasa ntiyemeje ayo masezerano. Ariko mu nyuma CNDD-FDD yo yarabandanije ukwayo ibiganiro na reta, mu mpera za 2003 barashika ku masezerano yunganira aya Arusha, uwo muhari wahavuye uhinduka umugambwe wemewe n'amategeko uca winjira mu nzego za reta z’imfatakibanza, gushika habaye amatora ya mbere mu 2005 watsinze n’ubu ukaba ukiri ku butegetsi.

Ico gihe cose Palipehutu-FNL ya Rwasa Agathon yo yasigaye inyuma ibandanya kurwana na reta yari isigaye irimwo canke iramutswa CNDD-FDD.

Rwasa na PALIPEHUTU-FNL ntibumva umugambi w’amahoro, bari batsimbataye ku co bita iragi basigiwe na Gahutu, ryo kwemera bari gushikira ubutegetsi biciye mu ntsinzi ya gisirikare.

Ariko muri uwo muhari siko bose babibona.

Uko iminsi yahera, niko bamwe mu bari bawurongoye bagenda baruhishwa n’intambara, mbere bamwe muri bo baca batangura kugerageza gukura Rwasa kugira ngo batware umuhari mu biganiro, ariko ntivyabashobokeye.

Bamwe muri bo ni nka Alain Mugabarabona afatanije na Anatole Kubwimana muri Myandagaro 2002, Jean-Bosco Sindayigaya batazira Gatayeri muri Gitugutu 2005. Aho hose hakurikira igikorwa co guhiga buhongo abagirizwa ko bari inyuma y’abashaka kugumuka.

Mu gihe Uburundi bwaja muri muri reta mfatakibanza ivuye mu masezerano ya Arusha bugana ku matora yo mu 2005, amakungu yari ageze aho araruhishwa n’uno muhari, mbere agagabisha kuwushira ku rutonde rw’imihari y’iterabwoba.

Kubera ico gitsure c’amakungu, cane cane c’abategetsi b’abakere, Rwasa yahavuye yemera kwinjira mu mugambi w’amahoro, aho mu 2004 yagondojwe akaja mu biganiro. Ariko vyamaze igihe kitari gito birangwa n’ukwiteza utunyoni.

Amaherezo Rwasa n’abo bari bafatanije kurongora umuhari bagiye kuva muri Tanzania birukanywe na reta y’iki gihugu, inyuma y’igitero uwo muhari wari wakoze mu kwa gatanu 2008 mu bice bitari bike vya Bujumbura, igitero cateje uburakari abategetsi b’akarere.

Rwasa yamburwa FNL

Amaze gutahuka, igikorwa nyamukuru co kwinjira mu buzima bwa poritike cari gitanguye. Mu 2009, amaze kwemera guhindura izina, umuhari PALIPEHUTU-FNL ukitwa FNL, yahavuye yemerwa nk’umugambwe wemewe n’amategeko, maze utangura gukora ku mugaragaro.

Rwasa n’umugambwe wiwe mushasha, FNL, baritavye amatora ya 2010. Ariko hamaze kuba intambwe ya mbere yo gutora abajenama b’amakomine muri Rusama (5), Rwasa, ari na we yari akomeye mu bahiganwa na Petero Nkurunziza wa CNDD-FDD, yaciye yiyonjorora, avuga ko amatora yarimwo ubusuma n’iterabwoba.

Kuva ico gihe, ibintu ntivyoroshe, haba kuri we ubwiwe no ku banywanyi ba FNL muri rusangi. Mbere bikaba vyatumye ahunga, avuga ko yariko arahigwa n’ubutegetsi ngo bumugandagure.

Muri Nyakanga (9) uwo mwaka nyene niho Emmanuel Miburo yatangazwa ko amusubiriye ku burongozi bwa FNL. Jacques Bigirimana, abatari bake babona ko ari we yateguye iki gikorwa abifashijwemwo n’ubutegetsi, aca aba umunyamabanga mukuru w’umugambwe, n'aho inyuma y'imyaka mike yahavuye ari we ahabwa uburungozi bwayo.

Ariko vyabonetse ko bari batwaye izina gusa ariko umugambwe wagumye mu minwe ya Rwasa. Amaze kuva mu buhungiro mu 2013, yakiriwe nk’umwami n’ubwo ubutegetsi bwari bwagerageje kuburabuza abanywanyi.

Ariko mu mategeko nta mugambwe yari agifise naho yaguma awitirira canke awitirirwa n’abamuyoboka.

Amatora ya 2015 yabaye ata mugambwe ariko yiyandikisha kwitoza abicishije runani rw’abigenga biyise “Amizero y’Abarundi”.

Ico gihe abayoboke biwe barajuragiritse.

Inyuma yo kubabuza kwitaba amatora , ariko bikaba ngombwa ko benshi baja gutora, Rwasa yararonse amajwi yamuhaye intebe mu nama nshingamateka.

Yahavuye yinjira muri urwo rwego kw’izina rya rwa runani Amizero y’Abarundi “kugira ngo ntiduhemukire abanywanyi mu vyipfuzo vyabo, kandi ni ngombwa ko baserukirwa”, nk’uko yabibwiye ikinyamakuru Jeune Afrique.

Ico gihe, Rwasa ntiyorohewe kwumvisha abanywanyi biwe igituma yari afashe iyo ngingo kandi yari yabujije abanywanyi kwitaba amatora.

Inyuma ya zuguru zuguru zamaze iyi myaka yose, niho mu 2018 Rwasa n’abo bari kumwe bashinga umugambwe CNL (Congrès National pour la Liberté), ukaba wagiye kwemerwa n’ubushikiranganji bw’intwaro yo hagati muri Ruhuhuma (2) 2019. Niwo wamuhaye intebe y’ubushingamateka mu matora yo mu 2020.

Ikiringo c’iyo ntebe kizorangira mu mwaka uza aho hazotorwa abashingamateka n’abajenama b’amakomine bashasha.

Kizoba igihe co kuraba ko Rwasa azokwivyukiranya uko amaze imyaka abikora canke ko ubuzima bwiwe bwa poritike buzoba buhereye aho, nibura ubwo kuba mu nzego z’igihugu.

Gushika ubu, CNL ni wo mugambwe waboneka ko ukomeye utavuga rumwe n’umugambwe uri ku butegetsi. Ariko inyuma y’aho ikoraniro kaminuza ridasanzwe ryabereye i Ngozi ku wa 10 Ntwarante uno mwaka rimubogoreje rigashinga izindi nzego, bamwe mu banyaporitike b’Uburundi babona ko demokarasi mu gihugu isubiye inyuma cane, bakabona ko ubutegetsi bwa CNDD-FDD ari bwo bumwatse umugambwe kugira ngo bushireho abo bushobora gutwarira mu kwaha.

Gushinga uwundi mugambwe, Rwasa si vyo arimwo

Rwasa ntiyemera iri koraniro kaminuza ridasanzwe riherutse kubera i Ngozi mu buraruko bw’Uburundi, intara avukamwo. Yabwiye BBC ko iri koraniro ritari rikurikije amategeko, ari naco gituma atemera inzego zarivuyemwo.

Rwasa yagiriza umushikiranganji w’intwaro yo hagati mu gihugu, iterambere rusangi n’umutekano ko yahonyanze amategeko agenga imigambwe, avuga ko ritamwemerera kwivanga mu bikorwa vy’umugambwe.

Ati: “Nibaza ko umushikiranganji afise ingorane, kuko nta muntu adafise ingorane yokora nk’ivyo yakoze”.

Asigura ko amategeko y’umugambwe aha uburenganzira umukuru w’umugambwe gutumako ikoraniro kaminuza, ariko ko yabimwankiye.

Ati: “Mu gihe yanse ko ndaritumako, yokwemeza gute ko akarwi k’abantu batabirekuriwe ari ko gakora ibintu akavuga ko ari ikoraniro kaminuza?

“Ico nzi co ni uko, mu mpapuro umugambwe yarawubahaye, mugabo ntashobora gutegeka abanywanyi kubakurikira. N’aho afise amabohero, igipolisi n’iperereza, ivyo ndibaza ko bizobagora”.

Rwasa abona ko ari igikorwa co gutuza abo ubutegetsi budashaka mu Burundi, mbere ko, n’aho yorondera gushinga uwundi mugambwe, reta itomwemerera.

Ati: “Uwo mugambwe wowushinga uwushingira hehe, mu gihugu gitwarwa na nde, ko ico badashaka ari uko tubaho tuzwi ko turi mu mugambwe ushobora guhangana nabo? Ico badashaka ni uwuhangana na bo mu matora”.

Si bwo bwa mbere Rwasa yatswe umugambwe, ariko ivyabaye muri kahise vyerekana ko bamwaka izina, we akagumana abanyamugambwe. None ubu niko bizogenda?

Haracari kare kumenya ingene bizogenda ariko umwanya niwo uzotanga inyishu (akavuze Abongereza ngo “wait and see”, rindira urabe).