Wrapped in a Chinese flag, Chen sang along with the crowd to the national anthem after receiving her medal.
Her victory tempered the earlier disappointment for China when defending champion Du Li failed to get amongst the medals in the women's 10m air rifle event.
And it capped a dramatic 24 hours for the hosts after a dazzling opening ceremony.
"I have been thinking of winning a medal but never thought it would turn out to be the first gold medal for China," said an ecstatic Chen.
"I had the special support of the audience, especially from the Chinese audience, and so I don't think I was under great pressure."
Bookmark with:
What are these?