Nigeria: Inkuru y'imbere y'umuhuza mu gutanga ingwate yo kurekura abashimuswe

Umugabo ukora ubuhuza mu biganiro bigamije kurekurwa kw'abashimuswe yabwiye BBC ko kuriha amafaranga y'ingurane, ni byo koko bishobora kuba binyuranyije n'amategeko, nyamara ni bwo buryo bwonyine imiryango ishobora kwizera irekurwa ry'abayo bashimuswe n'ibico by'abagizi ba nabi birimo gutera ubwoba mu bice binini by'amajyaruguru ya Nigeria.

Sulaiman, izina rye ryahinduwe mu kurinda umwirondoro we, ni uwo muri leta ya Kaduna mu majyaruguru ashyira uburengerazuba bwa Nigeria, aho abana 280 baherutse gushimutwa ku ishuri ryo mu mujyi wa Kuriga.

Amaze imyaka myinshi akora muri ubu buryo butemewe muri aka kazi katavugwaho rumwe ndetse karimo ibyago - kuva bamwe muri benewabo bashimutwa.

Yabwiye BBC ati: "Tugomba kugirana ibiganiro. Ntushobora gukoresha imbaraga mu kugaruza abashimuswe. Byashyira mu byago ubuzima bw'abo mu miryango yacu cyangwa inshuti zacu."

Sulaiman yatangiye kugirana ibiganiro n'abashimuta, hano iwabo bazwi nk'amabandi, mu mwaka wa 2021 - umwaka umwe mbere yuko kuriha ingurane bihinduka ikintu kinyuranyije n'amategeko muri Nigeria.

Mu myaka itatu ishize avuga ko yagiye mu biganiro byagejeje ku irekurwa ry'abantu barenga 200 bari bashimuswe - icyo ni igice gito cy'abantu babarirwa mu bihumbi bashimuswe mu myaka 10 ishize.

Ibiganiro bisaba kwihangana - no kugira umuhate.

Avugira ahantu atamenyekanishije, yavuze ko "leta yemera ko maze igihe mfasha amabandi.

"Amabandi atekereza ko maze igihe mpabwa amafaranga na leta, rero nanjye nshobora kuba nashimutwa."

Ibiganiro bye bya mbere n'abashimusi byabaye ubwo yageragezaga gukusanya agera ku madolari 12,500 y'Amerika (angana na miliyoni 15Frw) y'ingurane kuri benewabo (abo bafitanye isano) babiri bari barashimuswe.

Ati: "Sinari nzi ibyo nari ndimo gukora. Nari ndimo gusa kuvugana n'amabandi - nyinginga."

Ariko uburyo bwe bwo kwihangana mu biganiro yagiranaga n'abo mu bico by'abagizi ba nabi, bwagize akamaro, nuko amaherezo benewabo bararekurwa - nubwo byamusabye kugurisha isambu ye yo mu cyaro avukamo kugira ngo ashobore kuriha iyo ngurane.

Ubwo inkuru yabaga kimomo ko abo bantu bashoboye kurekurwa, indi miryango ifite abayo bashimuswe yaramugannye ngo ayifashe. Bidateye kabiri telefone ye itangira kujya ihamagarwa buri kanya.

Yagize ati: "Hafi buri muntu wo mu cyaro cyanjye yashimutiwe umuntu wo mu muryango we."

Yongeyeho ko abafasha ku buntu.

Kandi nubwo kuriha ingurane bitemewe n'amategeko, abantu bakomeje kumuyoboka - bahangayitse bashaka ko abafasha.

Sulaiman yemera ko akazi akora kamutera ubwoba, ati: "Leta ntikunda ibyo kugirana ibiganiro n'amabandi, ishobora gufunga abantu kubera kubikora."

Avuga ko ibyo yashoboye kugeraho abicyesha kuba asobanukiwe n'impamvu-muzi z'amakuba yo gushimuta muri Nigeria, avuga ko ahanini ayo makuba atizwa umurindi n'ubucyene n'ikigero kiri hejuru cy'urubyiruko ruri mu bushomeri.

Guhatanira ubutaka n'umutungo hagati y'aborozi n'abahinzi na byo byagize uruhare muri iki kibazo. Abashimusi bakunze kuba ari abahoze ari aborozi bo mu bwoko bwa Fulani, bibasira ibyaro bituwe ahanini n'abahinzi bo mu bwoko bwa Hausa.

Agira ati: "Iyo mvuganye n'amabandi, abo bantu ndabumva." Yongeraho ko ibiganiro bikunze gukorwa mu rurimi rw'Igi-Hausa, rukoreshwa cyane n'abo mu majyaruguru atuwe ahanini n'abayisilamu - nubwo ururimi kavukire rwa benshi mu bashimusi ari Fulfulde, ruvugwa n'abo mu bwoko bwa Fulani.

Ati: "Mbabwira ko mbizi ko babayeho ubuzima bugoye mu gihuru, nta mashanyarazi bafite. Ndabizi ko biyumva ko bibagiwe [batereranywe] na leta."

Ibyo bico akenshi biba bigizwe n'abagabo bitwaje imbunda bagenda kuri za moto, bibasira uduce n'imiryango yihariye, bashingiye ku makuru bahabwa n'ingenza (ba maneko) bishyura. Ni igikorwa kinini cyane kandi cy'urusobe kibyara amafaranga.

Ikigo cy'ubushakashatsi, Centre for Democracy and Development, gifite icyicaro mu murwa mukuru Abuja wa Nigeria, kivuga ko amabandi agera ku 30,000 yo mu bico birenga 100 akorera mu majyaruguru ashyira uburengerazuba bwa Nigeria.

Sulaiman avuga ko gutanga umusaruro kw'ibiganiro bye n'abashimusi gushingira ku muyobozi w'abashimusi. Ati: "Amabandi amwe nakoranye na yo aracyafite abo yashimuse kandi arashaka andi mafaranga, na nyuma yuko uba warishye ingurane.

"Ariko amwe muri yo arekura abashimuswe ukimara kuriha."

Ni igikorwa kiba kigoye, gifata iminsi ishobora kugera kuri 50 mbere yuko uwashimuswe arekurwa, ndetse kigasaba kuvugana kuri telefone inshuro ziri hagati ya 20 na 30.

Ati: "Ugomba gukoresha imvugo yoroheje. Hari ubwo baba bavuga nabi ndetse bakagutuka ariko ugomba kuguma utuje."

Nubwo hari ubucye bw'inoti muri Nigeria, abashimusi basaba ko ingurane zabo zirihwa mu mafaranga afatika (cash) kuko kuyohereza mu buryo bwa banki bishobora gutuma batahurwa mu buryo bworoshye.

Sulaiman avuga ko ubusanzwe amafaranga yo kuriha ajyanwa n'umubyeyi cyangwa ufitanye isano n'umwe mu bashimuswe.

Ati: "Ibandi riramuhamagara rikamuha amabwiriza intambwe ku yindi y'ukuntu azabageraho mu gihuru. Iyo ahageze, ibandi ribara amafaranga, inoti imwe ku yindi."

Rimwe na rimwe amabandi asaba guhabwa za moto nka kimwe mu bigize amafaranga y'ingurane, n'inzoga n'itabi ry'amasegereti.

Ubwo undi mu bantu ba hafi cyane ya Sulaiman yashimutirwaga kuri kaminuza hamwe n'abandi banyeshuri - mbere yuko kuriha ingurane bihinduka ikintu kinyuranyije n'amategeko - avuga ko leta yarishye agera ku madolari 2,370 y'Amerika (miliyoni 3Frw) kuri buri munyeshuri kugira ngo arekurwe - nubwo leta itigeze na rimwe yemeza ibi.

Ati: "Leta nta rimwe izigera yemera ku mugaragaro ko yarishye [n'icyo gihe] kuko kuri yo ibyo byaba ari ukwemera ko yatsinzwe. Ariko twe nk'abafite amakuru y'imbere tuzi uko byagenze kandi ntitwari dufite amafaranga nk'ayo."

Sulaiman yagize uruhare muri ibyo biganiro ndetse avuga ko abashimusi bari babanje gusaba agera ku madolari 32,000 y'Amerika (miliyoni 40Frw) kuri buri munyeshuri wari washimuswe, nuko hakomeza kubaho guciririkanya barayagabanya.

Muri iyi minsi, aho abatuye mu byaro ari bo basigaye biyishyurira, ni bacye bashobora kubona amafaranga y'ingurane kugira ngo ababo barekurwe.

Akenshi biyambaza uburyo bwo gukoresha amatangazo yo gusaba inkunga y'amafaranga, nubwo ubu buryo na bwo burimo kugenda bugorana kubera ukuntu ikibazo cy'umutekano mucye cyashegeshe ubukungu.

Amabandi azwiho kwica abo yashimuse cyangwa akabarekura iyo nta cyizere gihari ko amafaranga y'ingurane azaboneka.

Sulaiman atekereza ko urukurikirane rwo mu gihe cya vuba aha gishize rw'ibikorwa byo gushimuta abantu ku bwinshi mu mashuri, ndetse no gukangisha kwica abanyeshuri, bishobora kuba ari amayeri yo gutuma abategetsi babizirikana. Ati: "Batekereza ko leta izariha."

Hari amakuru ko abategetsi bakomeje kugenda banyuzamo bakariha ingurane - nubwo ibi buri gihe babihakana.

Ndetse Perezida wa Nigeria Bola Tinubu yagiye agerageza cyane kuvuga ko "nta giceri" kizarihwa ku bana baherutse gushimutwa i Kuriga, ategeka abashinzwe umutekano gukora kuburyo barekurwa.

Hagati ya Nyakanga (7) mu 2022 na Kamena (6) mu 2023, ibico by'abagizi ba nabi bitwaje intwaro byasabye ingurane ya miliyoni zirenga 6 z'amadolari y'Amerika (miliyari 7Frw), nkuko bikubiye muri raporo y'ikigo ngishwanama ku byago ku mutekano, cyitwa SBM Intelligence.

Wa muhuza mu biganiro n'abashimusi yemeranya n'abategetsi ko gukomeza kuriha ingurane bizatuma ubucuruzi bwo gushimuta bukomeza kubaho, ati: "Kuriha ingurane rwose bitiza umurindi ubushimusi. Amabandi nta kindi aba ashaka kitari amafaranga."

Ariko yemeza ko uburyo bwo gukoresha imbaraga bw'igisirikare atari cyo gisubizo. Ati: "Ngiriye inama leta, bakwiye guhura n'aba bantu bakaganira na bo."

Igihe ibyo bitarabaho, Sulaiman afite ubwoba ko igihe telefone ye izaba yongeye guhamagarwa, azaba arimo kumenyeshwa ko hari irindi shimutwa ryabaye.

Uyu mugabo wiyemeje gukomeza gufasha abantu b'aho atuye, avuga ko nta kabuza uwo na we azamwitaba.